An algorithm for numerical simulation of optical structure disturbance of biomedical objects is described. The key features of the presented algorithm are: posterization of CT or MRI scans, subsequent encoding and manual identification of each biological tissue, assigning it tabular optical properties. The described algorithm can be used in diffuse optical tomography (DOT) for numerical simulation of optical properties of biomedical objects of their constituent with variable spatial resolution. Numerical simulation showed that the presented algorithm allows us to describe the optical structure of biological tissue with data validity >90%.

Keywords: optical properties of biological tissues, time-resolved diffuse optical tomography, forward problem, turbid media, posterization

Are represented the results of studies on the development of teploognezashchitnykh composition cement solution mixtures on the distended vermiculite and the pumice with the application of a multifunctional additive D -5. Are proposed the compositions of teploognezashchitnykh composition mortars, which make it possible to substantially improve the physicomechanical properties of solution mixtures and solution. The introduction of multifunctional additive D -5 to solution mixtures makes it possible to improve the properties of composition solution mixtures and to improve the characteristics of solution. The replacement of the fine dispersed fraction of the distended vermiculite d0,63 mm does not produce by pumice by the volume in the solution mixtures a noticeable increase in solution density, in this case their strength characteristics grow. The developed composition solution mixtures correspond to requirements ALL-UNION STATE STAN. 28013–98 and have low prime cost due to the use of the pumice

Keywords: portland cement, the distended vermiculite, pumice, additive D -5, teploognezashchitnyy composition solution, transverse strength and compression, the mobility of mixture, exfoliation property, the density

Laser tracking locators have certain drawbacks, among which there is a strong influence of the atmosphere on their energy and precision parameters, the process of aiming a narrow beam at the object, etc. High requirements for locators (the error of measuring the range to a few centimeters) lead to the need to take into account the state of the atmosphere on the route for application Corrections in the measurements. In particular, the phenomenon of refraction leads to a significant distortion of the signal. To reduce the error of distance measurements it is advisable to use methods to compensate for the effect of refraction or to take it into account and use the correction coefficients. The article shows that the effective solution to this problem in the absence of the possibility of obtaining operational and accurate information about meteorological parameters is the use of parallel laser probing of the atmosphere. More promising in this case is the use of laser methods for controlling atmospheric parameters, which we described and experimentally investigated at the Chauda, ​​Feodosiya, and the Republic of Crimea provinces. The obtained atmospheric data were used to create a mobile laser-television locator for external-trajectory measurements of the descent of the aeroelastic systems "Kafa" and were installed both on the ground and on an air balloon. The trajectories of the descent of balloons and cargo parachute systems were studied.

Keywords: Laser tracking locator, ranging channel, atmospheric effect, refraction, model compensation method, laser probing

Refraction has a strong influence on the accuracy parameters of the range-finding tract of laser tracking locators and the process of directing a narrow laser beam onto the object. High requirements for locators (the error of measuring the range to a few dozen centimeters) lead to the need to take refraction into account for making corrections to the measurements. Significant distortion of the signal leads not only to the phenomenon of static refraction, but also dynamic. To reduce the error of distance measurements it is advisable to use methods to compensate for the effect of static refraction or to take it into account and use the correction coefficients. The article shows that the most effective solution to the problem of refraction in the presence of a dynamic component is also the use of parallel laser probing of the atmosphere, but it must be carried out at two different wavelengths. In this case, the main method of calculating the correction factors is the dispersion method, which makes it possible to reduce the relative measurement error to 106. The use of laser methods for controlling atmospheric parameters, including two-wave and two-frequency ones, was described by us and experimentally investigated at the Chauda, ​​Feodosiya, and the Republic of Crimea fires on YAG: Nb3 + IZ-25 lasers and continuous lasers . The obtained atmospheric data on the LT-5Z laser were used to create a mobile laser-television locator for external-trajectory measurements of the descent of the aerial systems "Kafa +" and were installed both on the ground and on an air balloon. The flight trajectories of balloons and the descent of cargo parachute systems were studied.

Keywords: Laser tracking locator, ranging channel, atmospheric effect, static refraction, dynamic refraction, dispersion compensation method, laser two-wave probing of the atmosphere

In the article application of the generalized algorithm of processing of the weakly formalized information to a problem of increase of productivity of work of programmers is considered. employees who spend a lot of time on the Internet. It is assumed that the employee of the company works on the Internet during the working day and works with various sites. Sites can, how to treat the work, and not have any relation to the company's activities. It is required to estimate the amount of time an employee spends on websites related to the work of the company and on other sites. The difficulty lies in the fact that there are not enough objective criteria for assessing sites, i.e. this information is weakly formalized. Therefore, it is proposed to apply a generalized algorithm for processing such information. The algorithm contains 14 steps. At the first step, information about the employee's exit into the Internet and connection to various sites is sent to the "Information Collection" module. In the second step, the information enters the "Information Recognition" module. In the third step, the information enters the "Information Classification" module, which refers to one of the types of sites. At the fourth step, in the modules "Convolution of information", information is processed according to a certain algorithm. Next, we evaluate the reliability of the information (step 5), assess the security of information (step 6), establish the links between the newly received information in each of the classes and the information obtained previously (step 7), estimate the probability with which you can trust the information received (step 8). At step 9, decision support is made in each of the classes, and in step 10, generalized support for decision-making. At step 11, a comparison of the recently adopted decision with previously adopted decisions is made, and at step 12 - the development of a stable reaction to the repeatedly received information and its memorization. At step 13, solutions are generated, and at the 14th stage, new information is generated and stored in the vault. Identifies the stereotype of the employee's behavior, i.e. how much time he spends on different types of sites, how reliable it is, how stable is his behavior, whether there is dependence on any kinds of sites, etc.

Keywords: weakly formalized information, information processing, algorithm, labor productivity, control

The article analyzes the existing system of food quality proposed guidelines for improving the quality of the input raw materials on the basis of the made analysis the main factors affecting the quality of the products developed draft standard for incoming inspection of raw materials for food products

Keywords: quality, incoming inspection, holding, chart, histogram

Reliability is largely for web-based systems are defined by quality and efficiency, i.e., the property of system to save time within the established values of all parameters characterizing the ability of a system to perform required functions within specified modes and conditions of operation. This research article is an analysis software for building distributed and reliable web systems, and is a study of criteria for comparing the software. In the process of selecting software professionals need to analyze it in accordance with defined criteria to evaluate the possibility of using this software package for the solution of technical problems and ensure the needs of the users. Experts in the field of distributed web systems there are several software systems to solve the problem of building such systems: 1C-Bitrix 24, 365, Microsoft Dynamics, Microsoft SharePoint. These software systems allow for the implementation of distributed systems. To simplify the process of selecting a software product needs to have criteria by which to evaluate a product. In this article the review of software products, identifying evaluation criteria, and comparison according to the criteria of the selected products.

Keywords: the web system, distributed information system, system reliability, scalable, cluster technology, and managed system

Energy costs for grain drying are about 30% of the total energy consumption for grain produc-tion. Reducing the energy consumption of drying is possible due to the use of a microwave field. In this case, it is necessary to develop a design of a convection drying zone with a microwave field which will provide uniform drying of the grain throughout the volume. For this purpose, it is advis-able to carry out the simulation of the process. The developed computer model of heat and moisture exchange in the grain layer allows to model one under varying parameters of the grain layer and the drying agent. A computer model implements a stepwise calculation method. According to this method, the grain layer is represented as a series of computer models of the elementary layer. The grain layer is divided into three sections. The specific power of the microwave field is set to con-stant throughout each part. In addition, the model takes into account the features of changing in the specific power of the microwave field in the drying zone from the moisture content of the grain and the distance from the magnetron. The air flow in the microwave convection zone can has an im-portant value for the energy intensity of the process. The paper presents the results of modeling grain drying with two variants of air distribution in the microwave convection zone. Graphs of changes in grain moisture in each of the sections of the layer are given. It is shown that when the air moves from the magnetron, the time and the non-uniformity of drying decrease.

Keywords: drying of grain, grain layer, microwave field, microwave - convection drying, heat and - moisture exchange, computer model, modeling

The article discusses the methodology of assessing the technical condition of the regenerative air heater RVP-54 on power boilers Naberezhnye Chelny CHP on the basis of the results of the monitoring of the thermal efficiency. In article the algorithm of monitoring and evaluation of the thermal efficiency of regenerative air heater, allows in real time to compare actual performance with previous values and to eliminate the revealed violations.

Keywords: Naberezhnye Chelny CHP, energy boiler, regenerative air heater RVP-54, technical condition assessment, commissioning and configuration, thermal calculation, temperature difference, heating surface, thermal efficiency, heat losses

The work is devoted to modeling the dependence of the temperature of the extrusion process in the melting zone on the composition of the feedstock and the rotational speed of the screw shaft. The quality of the finished product can not be determined in real time, but it depends on the values ​​of the technological parameters of the production process. Therefore, the quality of products can be controlled through the control of technological parameters. Therefore, the problem of determining the temperature dependence is an important problem. The model is obtained on the basis of experimental data from a number of alternative models. As parameters, the rotational speed of the screw shaft was used. As a criterion for the quality of the model, the sum of the theoretical model errors from the experimental data is used. As the speed of the screw shaft increases, the temperature of the extrusion process increases with a gradually decreasing rate. The resulting model of the extrusion process can be used in automatic extrusion control systems to control the quality of finished products.

Keywords: extrusion model, screw extruder, screw speed, extrusion, finished product quality

This article is dedicated to the research of existing methods of analysis and detection of persons in natural conditions. Face recognition based on image analysis is one of the main problems in the implementation of computer vision. The systems of reference measurements allow to define and develop various methods of face detection. Practical experiments were conducted and the algorithms for recognizing faces presented by scientific schools and commercial developments were considered, and also the results of evaluations on all test sets were analyzed based on the data of graphs of truly positive values for assessing the quality and speed of using MALF. Using a detailed assessment, the effectiveness of algorithms in various aspects with respect to several attributes was analyzed. Comparing performance with varying degrees of accuracy, the advantages and disadvantages of algorithms are determined when used in various work scenarios.

Keywords: computer vision, face detection, face detection, face recognition, image analysis algorithms, detection methods, reference measurements

The lack of standards for the calculation of lightweight thin-walled steel structures allowed low-quality producers to save on production, which endangered the people who exploited such buildings. The appearance of normative documents for the calculation of thin-walled structures entails responsibility for the affirmers of these normative documents. In Russia, such norms appeared relatively recently and the purpose of this study was to compare domestic normative methods of calculation with non-significant ones. During the presentation of the study, the concept of a reduced (effective) section of a beam when working on bending was considered. Also, the same stages of the calculation methods were noted, indicating the places where the methods differ in their opinions. The result of this study is a comparison table for the basic geometric characteristic for obtaining the bearing capacity of an effective torque element of resistance. An analysis was carried out and a conclusion was drawn on these values.

Keywords: steel structures, light steel thin-walled structures, thin-walled beams, reduced cross-section, bending work, C-shaped profile, effective cross-section, effective area, effective resistance moment

In this paper, it is proposed to update the values ​​of the bearing capacity of the hinge attachment of the beams to the columns on 2 bolts. A comparative analysis of the bearing capacity of the assembly presented in the 2.440-2 release 1 series and calculated according to modern building codes is carried out. Five calculation formulas were obtained for the five possible limiting states of the node. A table with the values ​​of the limiting forces perceived by the connection is presented. A possible variant of improving the assembly is presented, by including a support table in the work.

Keywords: bearing capacity, metal structures, hinged unit, structural solution, connection of elements, limit state

At the present stage of development, Russia does not have a coherent, well-developed institutional system designed to provide the necessary conditions for the creation of a knowledge-based economy. The article identifies the obstacles that impede the development of a developed institutional system: the counter-innovative orientation of institutions, various institutional traps at the federal, regional and local levels, as well as the emerging institutional void.

Keywords: knowledge economy, institutions, institutional environment, institutional obstacles, innovative development

The present cultivators of the soil have a negligible width and depth of loosening is mainly up to 0.6 m. When the number of racks is significantly reduced completeness of loosening, increases the mass of the gun and increase traction resistance. In addition, the possibility of loosening soil to a greater depth is limited. There are rippers with surround deformers. They are inclined relative to each other vertical knife rack, rigidly connected to each other in the lower part with shingles made V-shaped with the apex directed upwards. In this architecture, the system deformers there is a need for analysis to determine the tensile strength in a first approximation: as much as possible to lengthen the elements of the blade without loss of strength and significant changes in their geometric characteristics of the flat cross-section. Reviewed the formulation of the calculation of the strength of the isotropic sloping steel plates of finite dimensions, a polygonal profile with rigidly clamped opposite edges of constant cross section, equal stiffness, as an element of deformers of the chisel type surround. Shows the justification of the selected geometric characteristics of the broken plate. Presents a preliminary finite element modeling using the software - computing complex Structure CAD (SCAD), considering static and dynamic loads. In the formulation of the numerical calculation primarily pursued the goal of establishing the adequacy of a solid model of the stress – strain state of a polygonal sloping steel plates of constant cross section with rigid pinched at the edges. It is established that the threat is a reduction in the actual thickness of the plate more than 1/3 of the project, which leads to failure of the individual piece of details. With little loss of thickness plots of displacements is characteristic reflects a valid value.

Keywords: The calculation of the strength, deep loosing, system of deformers, stress, strain, bending, a broken plate, clamped edges, geometric characteristics