The article deals with the issues of dispersion of heterogeneous liquids by spray nozzles in order to divide them into components. The influence of various parameters on the size of the droplets obtained is investigated. For the mathematical description the probabilistic approach is applied, which allows to obtain a differential function of the particle size distribution, which can form the basis of the engineering method of calculation of this class of separators. An expression for determining the average value of the angular velocity of the internal flow is compiled. These dependences allow us to calculate the most probable value of the angular velocity corresponding to the decay of complex drops into secondary ones, which are the drops of the initial liquids.

Keywords: particle, emulsion, non-uniform liquid, droplets, jet, nozzle, velocity, flow, parameter, separator

This paper presents two methods of computer simulation (quantum chemical analysis and molecular dynamics) of the interaction of additives with the iron surface. Quantum chemical interaction of silicate and phosphate additives with iron surface was carried out. The plate model was used for quantum chemical analysis, calculations were carried out in the DFT approximation. The method of molecular dynamics is based on the calculation of the evolution of the system of interacting particles of atoms and molecules by integrating the equations of their motion. It is shown that the oxidation of the surface leads to a decrease in the adhesion energy of both individual additives and their combinations, allowing to find the influencing factors on the behavior of tribosystems.

Keywords: lubricant, method, quantum chemical analysis, molecular dynamics, tribology, friction, computer simulation

The article is devoted to the study of foreign methods of waste processing and the use of secondary resources. The article also considers the peculiarities of the countries ' legislation in the field

Keywords: waste, secondary material resources, landscaping, recycling, electrical energy, solid residue, chemicals, leakproofness, incineration, filtration, organic, decomposition, recycling, energy efficiency, emission

The paper considers the main factors determining the quality of underground water deposits within the RO, done hydrochemical and geoecological assessment of groundwater RO. The entropy of the groundwater ecosystem is calculated. It was found that most of the deposits have an entropy of less than 30%. that is, the water is clean enough, not experienced external influences. However, the water quality has deviations in individual indicators from the requirements of SanPiN 2.1.4.1074-01, which can be eliminated by conventional methods of water treatment.

Keywords: groundwater, hydrogeochemical heterogeneity, classification of groundwater, drinking water

The calculations and assessment of the impact of the built dormitories on the design of the existing building in accordance with the requirements of SP 22.13330.2011 and techniques of the FEM program Plaxis 2012.01 (Build 8962)

Keywords: pile foundations, Plaxis program, Geology

The problem of calibration of a three-axis acceleration sensor is considered. A number of measurements obtained with the sensor at its different orientations in space are used as initial data for calibration. It is assumed that the sensor is stationary for each orientation variant. The measurement data are averaged at each static sensor position, and the averaged results are used as parameters in a system of nonlinear equations that are solved by the Levenberg-Marquardt method. The results of the proposed method in the article are presented in the experiment with a real sensor, which allows to check its effectiveness.

Keywords: three-axis accelerometer sensor calibration, the sensor coordinate system, the coordinate system of the gravitational field, the rotation of the coordinate system, the matrix of coordinate transformation, the correction factor, the average value of the me

In this article, we propose methods for designing fault-tolerant structures for Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) by forming an internal structure of macro cells (LUTs), with the possibility of correcting single reversible faults in the circuit’s gates. To improve fault tolerance, the failure tolerance of a typical macro cell was assessed, the most vulnerable areas were identified and the most vulnerable parts of the macrocell were protected by means of triple modular redundancy methods. Depending on the expansion of the protected area, various versions of the built-in redundancy were obtained, and various options for minimizing the built-in redundancy were proposed. Experimental work was carried out to form fault-tolerant ISCAS'85 combinational circuit designs in the basis of fault-tolerant FPGAs.

Keywords: combinational circuit, FPGA, field-programmable gate array, LUT, logic synthesis, increase fault tolerant, computer-aided design (CAD), fault injection, single event transient

The problem of improving the efficiency of construction through the use of advanced methods of labor organization is studied. Proposed improvement works by reducing, modernization of production

Keywords: organization of construction; operational reliability of buildings; efficiency of labor organization

Abstract: the necessity of planning and cost adjustment during construction works is substantiated. The article deals with the consequences of non-compliance with rules and building regulations, which lead to additional financial costs for repair and restoration due to the destruction of both individual structures and the object as a whole. System errors in construction technology during Foundation reinforcement and installation are revealed. Made normative calculations for the implementation of the construction project. The article consists of introduction, two parts and conclusion. In the introduction the necessity of monitoring compliance with industry regulatory legislation. In the first part of the article "cost Planning in construction" substantiates the need for business planning based on economic approaches. Options for the implementation of ecological and safe construction materials in the construction of buildings. In the second part of the article "analysis of deviations from standards in construction" a detailed study of the individual stages of design and construction of buildings, which revealed the harmful effects of both gross errors and minor deviations from the established building standards. Clearly confirmed violation of the rigidity and strength of the Foundation of the building due to non-compliance with construction technology during reinforcement and installation. The algorithm of engineering calculations for the construction of the foundations of the building: schemes of works on pouring foundations and the location of formwork elements, costing and schedule of construction works, ensuring the reliability and safety of the building during prolonged use. The conclusion contains the main conclusions of the article and recommendations on cost planning in construction. In work not only consequences of use of fire-dangerous materials at erection of walls of buildings are revealed, but also constructive recommendations based on knowledge of physical properties of the construction materials providing ecological safety are given.

Keywords: technical justification, planning, regulations, construction, Foundation, costing, heat saving, waterproofing, thermal protection, fire hazard, environmental hazard, vapor permeability

This article discusses image transfer in JPEG2000 format using JPWL antinoise coding via noisy channel with occurrence of packet errors. The main problem is recovery of received image with minimum deviations from input original. The aim of this work is to study experimentally the capability of JPWL protection to maintain quality of received and decoded image depending on the level of packet loss in data transmission channel. The experimental procedure consists of simulation of multiple transfer of JPWL protected image with the size of 1024×768 pixels and packet loss with the coded image data. Variable parameters of the study are: JPEG2000 coding procedure (irreversible conversion), Reed–Solomon codes used for JPWL protection, per cent of packet loss. Regular variant of JPWL protection is considered as well as combination of regular variant with algorithm of in-frame interleaving. The final experimental results are PSNR similarity extent of received and decoded image and input image, average per cent of completely recovered tiles with respect to tile number in code stream. The article describes the software complex developed for these studies, which includes JPEG2000 coder and decoder, JPWL coder and decoder, means of code stream dividing into RTP packets, simulating means of packet loss, assembling of frames from RTP packets. Operation flowcharts of JPEG2000 coder and decoder are described. It is mentioned that under conditions of packet errors JPEG2000 decoder should be able to process partially damaged or absent tiles. In-frame interleaving of code stream is described aimed at improvement of its stability with regard to packet errors. Three hypotheses are formulated. Hypothesis 1: in the case of packet loss the regular JPWL extension is unable to maintain quality of received and decoded image. Hypothesis 2: in the case of packet loss the regular JPWL extension in combination with algorithm of in-frame interleaving maintains the quality of received and decoded image. Hypothesis 3: in the case of packet loss and with application of algorithm of in-frame interleaving the PSNR value of received and decoded image depends statistically on the number of tiles completely recovered by JPWL decoder. As a result of the experimental study, all the hypotheses were fully confirmed.

Keywords: JPEG 2000, JPWL, packet errors, noise-immune encoding, decoded image quality

The project for creation of the first in Russia Engineering Forum of scientific and technological activities, social and technological entrepreneurship “Rozmysly” is presented, this forum develops the principles of an open public interdisciplinary electronic environment. The substantiation of the social significance of the project is given. The new project implies involving an even wider range of practitioners, research engineers, young scientists, applicants, graduate students, students and even senior pupils in scientific engineering knowledge by providing them with the opportunity to publish, read and discuss the results of promising research and development works, engineering solutions, inventions and rationalization or innovative proposals in the form of an electronic preprint. Conceptually, the project represents a new culture of scientific publications based on global and mini Internet platforms. It is shown that the basic advantage is achieved through the implementation of an open access initiative. From the date of publication, the material is available for the widest possible range of readers. The project is a kind of an interdisciplinary scientific and technological engineering forum.

Keywords: site, Internet platform, engineering forum and storage, open access, preprint, foresight

The article deals with the issues of impact interaction of particles with layers of dispersed material of different thickness. The influence of the interaction velocity and the thickness of the substrate on the appearance and structure of the collision result is investigated. It is established that at low speeds there is a crater formation while the particle is on the substrate surface. With the growth of the interaction rate, the formation of a crown is observed, and particles penetrate into the substrate material. Experimentally determined the values of the velocity and thickness of the substrate, corresponding to the beginning of the formation of the crown.

Keywords: particle, blow, flow, splash, reflection, speed, stream, the bulk material flow, the recovery factor of speed, the substrate

The article is devoted to the problem of determining the air flow through cracks in the enclosing structures using numerical methods. Based on the study of the data obtained during the visual inspection, it was found that most of the apartment buildings have significant physical wear, which is mainly characterized by the presence of cracks. Particular attention is paid to the assumptions made for the design scheme. On the basis of the equations of dynamics and continuity, a mathematical model is obtained that allows one to predict the airflow through the crack

Keywords: physical wear, air mass flow rate, crack, permeation, water steam, heat and mass transfer, controlled environment, visual examination, air change, air permeance, numerical methods

The aim of this work is to study the degree of protection of underground waters of the Kuibyshev district of Rostov region. The study area represented by the geological deposits of Quaternary (recent sediments) Qh, Neogene and Paleogene systems (Oligocene) P3, Cretaceous (upper division) K2 and the Carboniferous system (upper, middle and lower portions) S1,2,3 based. On the analysis of geological structure of water-bearing rocks in the Kuibyshev district of the Rostov region, which showed an insufficient degree of protection of underground waters against pollution and, as a consequence, insufficient supply of public drinking water, built map of underground waters protection of the Kuibyshev district of the Rostov region

Keywords: groundwater, Geology, classification of water, pollution, drinking water, rural settlement

Providing the claimed performance characteristics of the absorber throughout its life is the most important task that ensures the correct operation of the coupler. Increasing requirements for increasing the speed of movement and the volume of freight traffic make it urgent to increase the reliability of the absorbing apparatus by improving the design of its components and components (housing, friction plates, wedge, etc.).

Keywords: Absorbing apparatus, friction plate, cermet, surface wear, defects in absorbing apparatus