The article discusses the issues of increasing the efficiency and reliability of the water supply system on the example of gravity water treatment plants. In this study, some of the measures for the reconstruction of structures on the daily regulation pools and introduced new technologies for water purification are considered. The use of a new technology has been studied, which involves the use of local coagulants in the form of aluminum sulfate together with a high-molecular synthetic anionic flocculant of the «POLY SEPAR AN 34 TW» type and clarification of water in sedimentation tanks equipped with horizontal thin-layer modules. As a result of the study, it was identified that the use of anionic flocculant of the «POLY SEPAR AN 34 TW» type, which has a flocculating and disinfecting ability in water treatment processes, is highly effective. Moreover, the use of a flocculant of the «Poly Separ» type for surface water purification at a dose of 0.5 - 1.0 mg/l, along with a decrease in turbidity and color, it ensures the removal of such impurities as iron, heavy metals, a decrease in the total microbial number from 10000 - 1000000 to 100 cells/ml at the filtration stage, since «Poly Separ» has a prolonged bactericidal effect.

Keywords: water supply, pool, regulation, technology, coagulant, aluminum sulfate, anion, flocculant, disinfection, turbidity, color, clarification, kinetics of the process

The article discusses the characteristics of the glacial zone and the zone of formation of river flow in Tajikistan due to climate change. A special role in the context of climate change is assigned to the development of a conceptual model of optimal management to ensure water and energy security of the Republic of Tajikistan at the organizational level, technical and economic levels. The aim of creating a conceptual model is to manage large reservoirs with multi-year regulation for power generation and river flow, create conditions for the accumulation of water during high water periods and increase the water content of rivers during low water periods. The implementation in practice of the idea of a conceptual management model ensures optimal control of the water-energy system. The advantage of the model is the transition from the command-administrative method of management to the systemic method of management in the aisles of hydrographic, energy and consumer parameters.

Keywords: atmospheric precipitation, river runoff, melting of glaciers, climatic conditions, reservoirs, hydropower resources, long-term regulation, management, conceptual model, optimization