Idea of existence of black holes is the cornerstone of the set of the theories describing evolution of galaxies and stars. In spite of the fact that their existence at most of scientists does not raise doubts, formally these objects are considered as hypothetical. Many astrophysicists consider that our Universe arose from singularity which began to extend from the moment of the Big Bang, however, if black holes do not exist, then it, obviously, it is necessary to rethink the ideas. In this article the view, other than the hypothesis of the Big Bang, of the structure of the Universe and of the possibility of existence of black holes will be considered.

Keywords: cosmological model, a Big Bang, the final Universe, astrophysics, a black hole, supermassive black holes, methods of search of black holes, gravitational forces

In the article a conditions and requirements of modern engineering business are underlined and in this connection main objectives and problems are considered at preparation of necessary specialists. In this work the course maintenance «Physics and natural sciences» for the bachelors prepared in a direction «Innovatika» reveals. The importance of fundamental positions and physics principles is especially underlined by consideration of various is natural-scientific displays. As examples of realization of special methods of teaching of the given course presentations of lecture and seminar employment are presented. The presented discipline allows to study the phenomenon and objects diversified by the nature and complexity and to do the conclusions about their dynamics and evolution.

Keywords: Innovatika, Natural Science, Boundary Control, Physical Practical Work of Students

In this work experimentally investigated the possibilities of the new method of obtaining adjustable roughness on metal surfaces electrothermal influence of mobile cathode spots in vacuum arc discharge. Presents the results of processing of various surfaces using this method. Proposed working modes of processing of metal surfaces with the aim to receive as minimum and maximum roughness.

Keywords: roughness of metal surfaces, vacuum arc discharge, cathodic spots