The article analyzes the shaping of buildings and structures in modern architectural practice. Form in architecture is primarily a means of expressing and translating concepts. It's also what ultimately fills and divides the space we live in. Form in architecture can have great symbolic and cultural significance and can transform a space for the better or for the worse. The simplest of the forms are known as primary forms. The main shapes include circles, triangles and squares. Each form can be created by a combination of basic forms. When rotated or expanded, basic shapes can create three-dimensional volumes known as basic bodies. In modern architectural practice, it is very common to resort to the use of complex shapes created using spatial curves. The task of the architect is a complete visual representation of such forms in drawings, as well as using modern software graphics packages. The article raises the problem of the correct interpretation of architectural forms formed by such spatial curves (using the Hilbert curve as an example).

Keywords: architecture, spatial curves, axonometric projections, Hilbert curve, modernism, shaping, ornamentation, space

The article is devoted to the study of curves that are not representable by the intersection of two surfaces. In modern architectural practice, they very often depart from classical forms, replacing them with complex surfaces. Recently, there has been the development of such an architectural style as architectural bionics or bio-tech. Faced with the challenges of sustainable development and its impact on the environment, the construction sector faces the necessary need for innovation. Architecture is presented as one of the promising areas of knowledge use based on biological research. And it is able to respond to current environmental problems. Indeed, many species of animals and plants know how to apply adaptation strategies to the environment and its transformations, forming together with it a sustainable ecosystem. Technological advances in very small-scale observation allow for deeper knowledge of how nature works and offer a new source of knowledge and inspiration for architecture.

Keywords: architecture, spatial curves, axonometric projections of curves, narrowed curves, bionics, biomimicry, eco-innovation

The article considers the topicality of the development of cement foam concrete meeting modern requirements for energy saving and energy efficiency. The interrelation of physical and mechanical properties of cement foam concrete with the features of its structure formation at macro- and microlevel is considered. The main components for the manufacture of structural and heat-insulating cement foam concrete are described. The results of experiments on the determination of the dependence of the parameters of the structure of a foam concrete mixture, which form the physical and mechanical properties of finished products, are presented. A mechanism has been established for the active participation of particles of fibrous cellulose filler in the organization of the structure of a foam concrete mix and samples based on it. The optimal concentration of fibrous cellulose filler in the raw meal mix was confirmed.

Keywords: structural and heat-insulating foam concrete, modifying additives, technical carbon, fibrous filler

The morphology of the modified Portland cement hydration products was studied transmission electron microscopy. The combined effect of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sucrose on the morphology of hydrosilicates nanoparticles has a synergistic character. he presence of PVA enhances the effect of sucrose. The effect of synergism must be considered in the preparation of multicomponent modifier compositions including PVA

Keywords: "modified cement stone, transmission electron microscopy, the morphology of nanoparticles of hydrosilicates, sucrose, PVA, synergistic effect. "