Stable operation of computer equipment is important for its effective use. A significant role in ensuring stability depends on the reliability of the software. The article analyzes the state of the problem to improve the reliability of the software based on the models of reliability assessment. The methods of increasing the software reliability using time and software redundancy are analyzed. It is concluded that there is no universal solution to the problem of software reliability in the presence of many private solutions.

Keywords: software reliability, software reliability evaluation models, classification of software reliability models, methods of software reliability improvement

The article deals with the application of methods of artificial intelligence to control robots. The concept of a layered intelligent control system for mobile robots, in which proposed to build an intelligent control system of three levels, based on patterns of thinking and categorizing tasks according to the level information is presented. In the circuit of the proposed system circulating upwards and downwards flows, the management of the system at their level, and some of the information is summarized and passed to the higher level of environmental assessment, then, as a result of detail gradually from the strategy behavior to the commands of the executive bodies of the robot are driving down when selecting the solution for travel or other any actions of a mobile robot. The functional-structural diagram of the system and the design principles and hardware implementation of this system on the basis of the mobile robot multilevel computing system are given.

Keywords: artificial intelligence, new information technology, mobile robot, intelligent robot, intelligent control system, the concept of tiered computing system

The aim of this work is to research and directly develop a virtualization service for mobile applications in the browser. The paper describes possible ways of virtualization of mobile applications, and the emphasis is on the most correct method from the economic and technical point of view, namely, hardware virtualization. The possibility of creating such a service is justified, the reasonability of this kind of systems is explained, in the conditions of increasing coverage of the Internet network. The process of system development, a stack of applied technologies, problems and their technical solutions, as well as further ways and technologies for improving this system are described.

Keywords: Cloud computing, virtualization, hardware virtualization, application services

The paper is devoted to the construction and expansion of such linguistic resources as dictionaries and thesauri using microtask-based crowdsourcing. Approaches for microtask complexity estimation, worker ranking, and adaptive task assignment are discussed. The implementation of these approaches is available in a software system designed using the three-tier architecture.

Keywords: linguistic resource, language resource, crowdsourcing, synset, relation, microtask, computational semantics, natural language processing, human-machine system, data mining, software

This work is devoted to the automatic generation of verification sets of test procedures; the proposed and developed algorithm for selecting trial solutions for solving the problems of satisfiability of Boolean formulas.

Keywords: test sets, automatic generation, solver, Boolean constraints

Reliability is largely for web-based systems are defined by quality and efficiency, i.e., the property of system to save time within the established values of all parameters characterizing the ability of a system to perform required functions within specified modes and conditions of operation. This research article is an analysis software for building distributed and reliable web systems, and is a study of criteria for comparing the software. In the process of selecting software professionals need to analyze it in accordance with defined criteria to evaluate the possibility of using this software package for the solution of technical problems and ensure the needs of the users. Experts in the field of distributed web systems there are several software systems to solve the problem of building such systems: 1C-Bitrix 24, 365, Microsoft Dynamics, Microsoft SharePoint. These software systems allow for the implementation of distributed systems. To simplify the process of selecting a software product needs to have criteria by which to evaluate a product. In this article the review of software products, identifying evaluation criteria, and comparison according to the criteria of the selected products.

Keywords: the web system, distributed information system, system reliability, scalable, cluster technology, and managed system

The features of the multidementional approach to risk management are considered, the necessity of applying methods of multidimensional risk management at various stages of risk management is justified, namely, the definition of context, analysis and risk management. Methods for multidimensional management of complex risks at each of these stages are proposed. The proposed methods, as part of a general approach to risk management, allow the introduction of new assessments of the effectiveness of risk management, reflecting, for example, the generalized risk for the system, the generalized risk of a particular risk event or risk situation.

Keywords: methods of multidimensional risk management, context definition, risk analysis, risk management

The submitted paper considers the issues of developing the analytical software which is the part of the hardware-software complex for energy accountability, reporting and analysis, and consumption. The main function of the analytical software is to predict the consumption of energy resources and emergency conditions, as well as non-routine events. To create analytical software, the use of contextually-predefined machine languages is suggested. The issues considered include the implementation of such languages for intelligent agents (IA), which are used to solve problems of resource consumption forecasting in the housing and communal services sector. Particular attention is paid to the methods for supporting the change in implementing functions. The same approach can be used to solve other problems. An intelligent agent features a complex behavior that changes as it interacts with the external environment and is determined by internal states. When creating intelligent agents, there are fundamental problems: - search and formation of algorithms for the training of an intelligent agent, - change and implementation of these algorithms within the agent itself. The work specially dwells on the second problem. The approach is that contextually-predefined languages and implementing systems are used as form-building (morphogenetic) ones. The productive element is the main part of the learning intelligent agent. There are six components of the productive element. They are considered within the context of contextually-predefined languages application. The basic idea is to isolate the parts of the component's algorithm and to arrange an appropriate connection between the particular part and the context that can change it directly or indirectly. As a result, the necessary adaptive change of algorithms is obtained on the basis of accumulated knowledge. One of the most urgent tasks is the form this process during the operation of the IA.

Keywords: software, energy resources accounting, contextually-predefined languages, intelligent agents, machine languages

In the article it is suggested to use the program Сalc to reduce the complexity of processing multiple measurements. Based on the developmented method, the accuracy of the functions used in Calc is investigated. The functions of the specified program are selected, allowing you to program the algorithm for processing measurements. The structure of the algorithm is presented.

Keywords: Metrological support, multiple measurements, processing of measurement results, Microsoft Excel, OpenOffice Calc

We consider the problem of drawing up the implementation plan of the complex programs in multiprocessor computer systems (MCS). MCS is composed of several processors working in parallel. On MCS is input multiple independent streams of applications (programs) to be distributed among the processors. The computing system may consist of identical or different from the performance of processors. Taken into account when switching between different classes of applications received by the processor. The solution is presented as a job application distribution planning problem for processors and determining a queue of requests for service processor. Optimization of planning in the case of multi-level stage is to minimize the execution time of all applications. The basis of the work of the algorithm put the mechanisms of adaptive behavior of an ant colony. The time complexity of this algorithm depends on the lifetime of colonies (number of iterations) and the number of works and performers.

Keywords: multiprocessor system, planning, multi-level part, distribution task optimization, ant algorithm

In the article we consider serial hipping-chart of the abstract algorithm and a bipartite graph. Led the detailed algorithm of such a transformation. We gave an example of the ability to specify the algorithms in the matrix-predicate form. In conclusion, we indicated that the resulting matrix-predicate form is completely identical graphic form, however, allows you to work with algorithms much more efficient, since it is possible to ask them in the matrix predicate and partially automate the heuristic methods of their construction.

Keywords: the algorithm graph-diagram, bipartite graph, set, matrix, predicate, logical operator, the circuit

In the article, we considered the actual problem of constructing an algorithm based on the interaction of parallel components. The paper contains elements of the methodology developed by the authors for the parallel functioning of algorithms based on graph theory. It is shown that the construction of an algorithm with parallel functioning of components is impossible without taking into account the time, for which the concept of a time axis was introduced, and the sequential algorithm is represented in the form of a bipartite graph by its additional definition. The methods of parallel algorithms represented in the article, realized as dual graphs or matrix predicate form, make it possible to use them in describing complex control and measuring systems. It is concluded that the advantage of such a representation of the parallel functioning of algorithms lies in the fact that it becomes possible to work with parallel hierarchical structures, tracing the changes in each of them by means of input time axes.

Keywords: algorithm, parallel processing, algorithms, parallel operation of objects posledovatelnostyu algorithms, predicative unit, time axis, of the dual graph, the interaction of parallel algorithms, graph-scheme of algorithm, functional-predicate module

This article is about intellectualization of the software of processing spatial data. Solution of this problem based on using the ontology approach. Next tasks were solved to achieve the goal: to consider the analysis of the subject area, to create the ontology of considered subject area, to develop an algorithm of creating and integrating the ontology to the software of processing spatial data. This algorithm is allows to integrate spatial data from different storages. Also the structure of the ontology is considered in this article: what components are included in the ontology and how could we create it. The software Protégé is chosen from existing editors to create and edit the ontology.

Keywords: ontology, intellectualization, geoinformation system, search, semantic web, software

There is developed a method for automating the process of finding reference lines and angles on the medical X-ray images. It is required to find the values of these characteristics between the distal femur and proximal tibia, for which task it is necessary to determine the joint line of each bone and anatomical line. The paper presents a scheme of the automated determining of boundaries of areas and constructing reference angles and lines. Automatic construction of the lines permits to estimate the state of the patient with the help of a number of known parameters characterizing angles. This makes it possible to significantly reduce the time spent on the analysis of the X-ray image, and make its estimate in the case when the radiologist cannot make the exact diagnosis. The created software product has demonstrated high efficiency of the proposed scheme of analysis.

Keywords: Image processing; analysis of medical X-ray images; reference lines and angles, analysis of the knee joint

The paper deals with the issue of establishing recognition of graphic objects in the video stream based on multi-agent recursive cognitive architectures. A structure of the system, a hierarchy of agents and their interactions. The article describes the developed messaging protocol between the subsystem coding information obtained from a video input device and the core of the multi-recursive cognitive architecture

Keywords: multi-agent system, cognitive architecture, the agent, recognition, videoraspoznavanie, multimodal data, artificial intelligence

Problem of the choice of software testing method as a problem of a multicriteria optimization is put and considered in this article. The method of testing of the separate program module can be automated, manual or the mixed. In this case the problem of optimization has a degenerate representation because the set of admissible decisions contains only several elements Such formal simplicity is compensated by the significant amount of criteria and a graduated algorithm of their calculation. This algorithm is based on processing of expert estimates. Estimates are given in group of programmers – creators of the software product, and in group of systemic testers. For programmers the special questionnaire is used. The algorithm of the solution of an optimization problem based on a method of group linear convolution is offered. Total value of convolution for the separate program module corresponds to one of three possible methods of testing: automated, manual or the mixed. The offered algorithm can be extended to other problems of discrete optimization with terminating quantity of elements of an admissible set.

Keywords: software testing, multicriteria optimization, admissible set, automated, manual or the mixed testing, expert estimates, program module, linear convolution, algorithm of the solution of an optimization problem

In this article a method of assessment the software reliability is proposed. This method bases on the allocation of functional units - structured sets of logically related commands to ensure the implementation of a well-defined range of the one character's tasks. The reliability of the program consists of the aggregate achievements of the reliability of each functional unit,which has its own special set of possible faults and failures. Unlike most of the existing models for assessment the software reliability assessment in this method does not occur in the testing phase of software product but the final result evaluated.

Keywords: reliability software, reliability assessment, software, method for assessing the reliability, functional approach, functional unit, failure, failure of the program

Adaptation of the basic system principles (integrity, a necessary variety, flexibility, external addition and commitment) to quality management of the software is offered. The author proves useful effect from their application by means of detection of the features following from interrelation between the making elements of programs. Moreover such features can define new ways of software quality management.

Keywords: software quality, software, assessment of software quality, system approach, system principles, software quality management

The article discusses a method for optimizing the synthesis of digital state machines for solving tasks of search patterns with masks on FPGA using automatic models. Standard methods for the synthesis of the FPGA don't optimize digital state machines, but only optimize the placement of logic elements on the chip. The method of vectoring states involve the decomposition the structure of the machine and the combining the variety of states to the vertex-array of states. The states in the vertex-array is controlled by special state machine. This simplifies the addressing to the heights of states of the graph , and optimizes logical structure of machine. The number of states of the digital machine remains unchanged. Vectorization of states is simplifying the synthesis and control of state machine and reduces the number of logical elements.

Keywords: digital state machine, graph of digital state machine, synthesis of digital state machine, FPGA, reconfigurable computing system, pattern search, vectoring states of digital state machine.

The methodology, language and tools for rapid development of logic models of systems and processes are proposed. Language is defined in the first-order predicate calculus with equality and a representation of negatives, modules, discrete time intervals. The proposed computable mathematical semantics allows to construct interpreters whose complexity is O(nlogn) relative to the power of models. Interpretations result is a model derivated from the logical specification of objects by direct inference. The model can be used as a working prototype of the system. The technology is designed to address a wide range of problems of language analysis, projects, processes, development of training and expert systems.

Keywords: logical model, predicate calculus, logical mistakes, logical semantics, analysis, interpreter

  The paper covers the development of geometry-based skeletal animation algorithms for deforming 3D models. Linear Blend Skinning technique being widely used, much attention is given to the method description and its shortcomings. The paper gives wide coverage to the state of the art in geometry-based skeletal animation algorithms. 

Keywords: skeletal animation, skinning, geometry-based algorithms, character animation

Examines the historical stages in the development  of the theory of systems research management of the uncertainties, the reasons for they arise in the mathematical  model, this is reflected in an interval values in the transfer  function of the object of control. It is proposed algorithm for obtaining experimentally the interval of values.

Keywords: interval values, robust stability, the transfer function, parametric uncertainty, a mathematical model of the management system