This article is devoted to the study of the dust factor in the residential premises of a student dormitory during repair work, including the assessment of the regularities of the distribution of solid suspended particles by equivalent diameters (PM0.5, PM1, PM2.5, PM5 and PM10) and the determination of their concentrations.

Keywords: dust pollution, PM2. 5, PM10, solid suspended particles, fine dust fractions, student dormitory

Conducting land management activities is one of the most complex processes, as it includes a large complex of works aimed at studying the state of land resources, their distribution and the organization of the territory as a whole. A special place in land management is given to geodetic works, which are characterized by sufficient complexity of their implementation. In this regard, there are many questions concerning the organization and implementation of this type of work. This article will discuss the main stages and features of geodetic works in the implementation of land management measures.

Keywords: geodetic works, land management measures, topographic and cartographic materials, topographic and geodetic surveys, cameral works, geodetic basis, survey networks, technical specification, cadastral plan, rational use of land resources

This article discusses the general waste management system in Russia, which includes five main areas (landfills, waste sorting complexes, waste incineration complexes, waste processing complexes, waste composting plants). Two types of sorting of municipal solid waste are considered: manual and automatic. Also, a scheme was proposed for the movement of the main products of solid municipal waste from the consumer to the finished final product.

Keywords: municipal solid waste, waste sorting problems, waste preparation for sorting, technologies for automatic waste sorting

The article discusses the speed and direction of the wind as one of the key factors affecting the spread of carbon monoxide in the linear city of Volgograd. It also investigates the intensity and rolling stock of the traffic flow, which have a negative impact on the pollution of the surface atmospheric layers of the air. Research has been carried out on Raboche-Krestyanskaya street in order to measure the concentration of carbon monoxide on the curb of the roadway.

Keywords: road transport, wind direction, wind speed, meteorological conditions, sources of pollution, highways, residential buildings, meteorological stations

The research on purification of hydrogen sulfide-containing gas mixtures of volatile hydrocarbons is presented. The results of laboratory tests of the technology for the oxidation of air hydrogen sulfide with electrolytic sodium hypochlorite and the technology for removing hydrogen sulfide on an electrically conductive catalyst are presented. The experiments carried out show the economic feasibility of the presented technologies.

Keywords: gas media of oil refineries, hydrogen sulfide, gas cleaning, electrochemical oxidation, electrolysis, electrically conductive catalyst

The article discusses the methods and ways of protecting the environment by cleaning the exhaust gases of power plants, using the effect of vibration turbulization. The advantages of using jet devices over the use of vibration technology in eco-protective installations are theoretically substantiated.

Keywords: vibration turbulization, environmental protection technologies, energy efficiency

A study of the quality of drinking water (spring and centralized water supply) was conducted. Determination of water hardness and alkalinity was carried out by titrimetric analysis methods in a chemical laboratory. The dependence of these parameters in the autumn and spring period is established. The limits of changes in water hardness values are 3.4-9.9 mmol / l in autumn, 3.2-9.8 mmol / l in spring. Most of the studied natural waters are of medium hardness and hard water, therefore, there is a need for water softening. The limits of change in the alkalinity of water are 0.6 - 5.1 mmol / l in autumn, 0.8-5.3 mmol / l in spring. The alkalinity values of all samples are within the limits of the MPC norms. A comparative analysis of the results of the study is carried out, which establishes the dependence of the hardness and alkalinity of water in different seasons. The values of water hardness decrease during the flood, while the values of alkalinity increase during this period. It is recommended to conduct further research in order to determine the feasibility of using water softening methods for objects where water has high hardness values, and to choose the optimal softening methods.

Keywords: alkalinity, hardness, methods of titrimetric analysis, natural water, softening, autumn period, spring period

This article discusses the results of environmental monitoring of the waste disposal facility located in the northern part of the Traktorozavodsky district of the city of Volgograd. The data on the territorial features of the investigated area, flora and fauna are presented. The morphological composition of wastes present in the soil is analyzed, as well as the results of laboratory studies. The results of studies on the content of heavy metals in the soil (bulk and mobile forms) and data on bacteriology (enterococci, bacteria of the Escherichia coli group, helminths, cysts of pathogenic intestinal protozoa) are shown. The authors put forward recommendations on the methods of reclamation of this territory.

Keywords: production and consumption waste, environmental harm, environmental monitoring, landfill, heavy metal pollution

The article describes the design solution of a system for dedusting emissions into the atmospheric air using vortex inertial devices with counter-swirling flows (CSF) and a separator-concentrator. An approach to evaluating the efficiency of such a dust collection system is described. Analytical dependencies and a flowchart for calculating the efficiency of the system are presented.

Keywords: vortex inertial dust collector with counter swirled flows (CSF), separator-concentrator, dust collecting system, dust cleaning efficiency

Based on the Bayes approach, a representative number of experimental measurements was determined when assessing the quality of the environment, in particular, when monitoring the quality of the atmosphere and checking the compliance with the standard for the accumulation of solid municipal waste

Keywords: Bayesian approach, quality control, experimental measurement, a priori data, a posteriori data, distribution density

The quality of atmospheric air in residential areas of settlements and human health largely depends on the main indicators of aerosol particles. The purpose of this work was to study aerosol parameters (number and mass fraction of particles; surface density of particles) and specific pollution of the territory of the settlement of Sredny Akhtuba, Sredneakhtubinsky district of the Volgograd region under conditions of anthropogenic load of construction industry enterprises in 2018. Research objectives: selection of leaves of apricot trees with expected dust-like particles in Srednyaya Akhtuba and in a conditionally clean zone (gardening non-profit partnership (SNT) "Oroshenets", "Shelf"); preparation of aerosol suspensions; study of the mass fraction of particles D (dp),%; the number of particles (Np,%); the index of the surface density of aerosol particles (m0, μg · cm − 2) in the green infrastructure; calculation of the specific area of ​​the total pollution of the territory of the Srednyaya Akhtuba rn by particles, including fine dust (PM2.5; PM10). The conducted studies allow us to conclude that the specific area of ​​aerosol pollution in the territory of the Srednyaya Akhtuba rn is 3 times higher than in the conditionally clean zone. The surface density of particles (РМ2.5) on the territory of the Srednyaya Akhtuba rn is 108 higher than the values ​​in comparison with the conditionally clean zone (SNT "Oroshenets", "Shelf"); PM2.5-10 - 28 times; coarse dust (PM> 10) - 2 times more in the Srednyaya Akhtuba region than in the conditionally clean zone. The number of PM2.5 particles in the average Akhtuba rn is not much higher than the value of the conditionally clean zone - only 1.76 times; the excess in the number of particles (PM2.5-10) is only 1.19 times, i.e. practically, the studied indicators are at the same level; coarsely dispersed dust (PM> 10) - 4 times more in SNT than in the middle Akhtuba region. It is alarming that the number of fine particles in both zones does not differ much from each other and are practically at the same level, especially according to PM10, but their mass fractions and conditional masses differ noticeably, since in the middle Akhtuba they are heavier in weight, 108 times ... This may indicate that in fine particles from the rn Srednyaya Akhtuba compounds of metals and / or semimetals with significant atomic weight can be present, which requires further research and interpretation of the results obtained. A high amount of dust-like particles in a conditionally clean zone - SNT “Oroshenets”, “Shelf”, indicates that this zone is “conditional” due to probable natural pollution, expressed by possible fluid activity of the Earth and removal of particles from its interior , gases and other pollutants that enter the atmospheric air of SNT. In this regard, in terms of the amount of fine dust, SNT is on the same level with the rn Srednyaya Akhtuba. The studied territories are of interest for further research and refinement of the results obtained, including the search for a possible source of natural pollution in both territories to ensure the environmental safety of the population living there and reduce environmental risks.

Keywords: dispersion, aerosols; surface density of particles; PM2.5; PM10; green infrastructure; natural pollution

This article offers technical solutions to reduce the degree of anthropogenic impact on the environment during finishing work. The results of the study of finely dispersed dust during finishing works are presented and analyzed.

Keywords: Air pollution, finishing works, technical solutions, particle analysis of dust, PM10 and PM2.5

The article considers the issues of the enhancement of the reliability of highly efficient cleaning of ventilation and technological dust-and-gas emissions in intensive apparatuses for wet gas cleaning by means of the investigation of the process of drop liquid separation from the cleaned gas flow and through the development of suggestions for design and technological improvements of inertial louver mist eliminators which are a part of gas cleaning equipment and are believed to have the highest potential.

Keywords: intensive apparatuses for wet gas cleaning, inertial louver separators, drop dispersion, critical speed, efficiency of mist elimination

In modern buildings constructed of mineral raw materials, the role of various components of natural sources of ionizing radiation, which form the radiation exposure levels of people, has changed significantly. The article considers the cost estimation of replacing construction materials with an enhanced effective specific activity (Aeff) with alternative materials with a lower Aeff. It has been revealed that the monetary equivalent taking into account the radiation safety depends mainly on the difference between the specific activity values of natural radionuclides (NRN) in construction materials and on the number of inhabitants. With a reduction in the difference between the Aeff values, the cost of the replacement (Ruble/t) of the materials decreases and the monetary equivalent grows.

Keywords: ionizing radiation, effective specific activity, monetary equivalent, collective effective equivalent doses

The technological process of coloured calcium silicate brick differs from the usual manufacturing of white calcium silicate brick by additional emissions of harmful substances in the form of dust of colour pigments. The given article considers the properties of dust particles emitted into the working zone air in the manufacturing shops of coloured bricks, the harmful properties of the dust that negatively affect human health, as well as the potentially hazardous properties of these substances that may lead to tragic consequences caused by explosions or fires.

Keywords: coloured calcium silicate brick, fine dust, explosion, source of ignition, colour pigments

The article discusses the features of granular formation of activated sludge, operating according to the modified DEAMOX technology with nitrification, incomplete denitrification and anammox. Reverse denitrification and anammox are implemented in the same volume of the bioreactor under anoxic-anaerobic conditions with a vertical flow of the sludge mixture. Anammox biomass mainly developed on stationary feed material, while the heterotrophic denitrifying activated sludge showed the ability to granulate up to 20 mm nominal diameter. The article discusses the effect of various temperature conditions on the size and stability of granules.

Keywords: nitrification, denitrification, activated sludge, aeration tank, anammox, biological treatment, domestic wastewater, low-oxygen treatment method, energy saving, resource saving, ecology

The emission of pollutants from wastewater disposal facilities has become a topic of increased interest, given its significant impact on the overall climate footprint of wastewater treatment plants. This paper presents comparative data in the field of air quality monitoring on the territory of domestic and industrial wastewater treatment plants abroad and in Russia. The issue of the influence of odors on human health is considered. Practical examples of the control of bad-smelling emissions are offered. A brief review of scientific papers on topics related to gaseous emissions from wastewater disposal systems is presented. Experimental studies of the quantities of specific components of the gas-air mixture above the surface of the waste liquid of the aeration tanks of the sewage treatment plants (CBS) of the city of Novoshakhtinsk, Rostov region are presented. Based on the analysis of the obtained results, technologies for reducing the amount of emissions from CBS facilities are considered.

Keywords: monitoring of air pollution, emissions, foul-smelling emissions, sulfur dioxide, aeration tank

The article discusses the impact of emissions into the atmosphere, formed as a result of combustion of associated petroleum gas, on the chemical composition of settled dust near the gas torch. The paper presents full-scale studies of the emissions of a torch operating near a settlement, the chemical composition of particles in the obtained samples of settled dust is studied. In the course of the work, the results obtained were compared with research data obtained for areas where there is no flare combustion. As a result of this comparison, it was concluded that flare emissions have a significant impact on the chemical composition of settled dust in the vicinity of existing flare systems.

Keywords: soot, flare emissions, air pollution, black carbon, settled dust

The paper presents studies of the state of biologically active filtering material - vermicompost in the working area of ​​the aeration station at closed sewage treatment plants with an increased concentration of sulfur dioxide. The assessment of the filtering sorption properties was carried out using bioindication methods, namely, germination of test seeds under conditions of an increased content of sulfur dioxide. The bioindication method is considered fast and accurate, it allows to obtain reproducible results.Oat seeds, wheat seeds - representatives of monocotyledonous plants, as well as radish seeds - a dicotyledonous plant, were used as test seeds, as they are highly sensitive to harmful effects. The experiment took place in four stages with different time intervals. The indicator is the average length of development of the root system in the tested water compared to the control. The results showed that 60% of normal germination was recorded in monocotyledonous seeds, and 90% of normally germinated seeds were recorded in dicotyledons. According to the well-known method, the non-toxic properties of vermicompost was assessed based on the lengths of shoots and seed roots, which can be used as a load in installations for the biochemical purification of gases emitted into the air of the working area from closed wastewater treatment facilities. Such an installation can be a biofilter. Thus, the thickness of the load, the height of each of its constituent layers, affects the degree of its efficiency.

Keywords: sulfur dioxide, bioindication, closed treatment facilities, waste water, test seeds, germination of seeds, vermicompost

The article deals with the features of the occurrence of hydraulic shocks in urban drainage systems. It is noted that when starting up pumping units, a hydraulic shock can occur if the operational personnel do not comply with the maintenance regulations. Significantly more likely to cause hydraulic shocks when the pump units or the unit suddenly stops. In addition, in long water pipes with a complex profile, there is a high probability of a high vacuum and, accordingly, the occurrence of breaks in the continuous flow of waste liquid. The probability of a hydraulic shock is affected by the method of starting the pumping units. Measures to prevent the occurrence of hydraulic shocks are considered: improving the reliability of external power supply; the use of a combined power supply scheme; the use of check valves with smooth closing and other methods.

Keywords: hydraulic shock, sewage system, pumping station, pressure pipelines, power supply

The article considers the regularities of the formation and the determining factors of the growth of coarsely-dispersed and aerosol entrainment of liquid, which reduces the efficiency of treatment of ventilation and technological emissions in apparatuses for wet gas cleaning, the operation of which is based on intensive modes of liquid and gas interaction. The problem of separation of fine liquid drops contained in the aerosol entrainment is outlined. The operating conditions modes of the separating devices of mist eliminators of existing designs were analyzed and summarized.

Keywords: intensive apparatuses for wet gas cleaning, coarsely-dispersed and aerosol drop entrainment, separation of condensed moisture, mist eliminator

In the settlement of Srednyaya Akhtuba, Sredneakhtubinsky district of the Volgograd region, a study was carried out to assess the specific pollution of the territory with aerosols. The main indicators of aerosol particles have been investigated: the number of particles (Np,%); particle diameter and fractional composition of particles (PM), mass fraction of particles (D (dp),%; specific density of particles (m0, μg / sq.cm). As a result of the studies, it was revealed that the specific pollution of the territory with aerosol particles in the working village ( rn) Average Akhtuba with an area of ​​2 sq. km, during the spring-summer season was 2.7 times higher (2.6938 tons) compared to the conditionally clean zone (0.997 tons). At the same time, the number of particles in fractions: PM0 -2.5 (26.97%) in Srednyaya Akhtuba, their values ​​were 1.5 times higher than in the conditionally clean zone PM0-2.5 (18.12%). Coarse dust was in the lead in the conditionally clean zone by 2.1 times : PM> 10 (29.85%) compared with particles from the rn Srednyaya Akhtuba RM> 10 (14.16%) The results indicate that the atmospheric air of the settlement Srednyaya Akhtuba is polluted and dusty with aerosol particles as compared to the conditionally clean zone At the same time, both in the conditionally clean zone and in the middle Akhtuba region, the same amount of finely dispersed dust (PM2.5-10), which requires clarification of the research results and the search for a possible natural source of pollution in the horticultural non-profit partnership (SNT). Also, the mass fraction of particles of the fraction (PM2.5-10) in the Srednyaya Akhtuba rn was higher compared to the conditionally clean zone, despite the same number of particles. The source of aerosols in Srednyaya Akhtuba can be both industrial enterprises of the construction industry located in Srednyaya Akhtuba, as well as a hidden source of natural pollution. Further research and comprehensive study of the area is required.

Keywords: aerosols; environmental monitoring, specific pollution; specific gravity of particles; environmental risks; atmospheric air; PM2.5; PM10; PM> 10

One of the complex processes in the implementation of urban planning activities is the choice of the area on which planning and development will be carried out. The selection of the territory for the development of populated areas is made taking into account the possibility of its most effective and rational use, which are based on a number of natural and territorial factors. This article will consider the main natural-territorial factors that directly affect the solution of urban planning problems.

Keywords: urban planning activities, engineering preparation, planning structure, rational use, geological and hydrological conditions, landscape, climatic conditions, engineering and geological research, anthropogenic impact, insolation

The article is devoted to improving the processing of radon flux density measurement data using mathematical processing. The article considers the influence of construction works on the radon flux density (RDP) indicators. for the purpose of the study, real measurements were taken at a mining and processing plant in the volgograd region. The article presents the construction of histograms and frequency polygons for measurements performed at different stages, as well as graphs of the empirical distribution function of a random variable. They clearly showed the impact of construction, the hypothesis of the influence of clay soils on the radon output from the soil was confirmed, namely, it was proved that the permeability of the near-surface layer of soil is one of the key factors determining the spatial PPR within homogeneous areas, that is, the permeability of near-surface deposits is one of the leading factors determining the distribution of PPR. analysis of the obtained results allows us to conclude that there is a correlation between the calculated data obtained and the data obtained at the measurement input, i.e. relationship of two or more random variables.

Keywords: radon, pollution, ionizing radiation, engineering surveys, random variable, histogram and frequency polygon, empirical distribution

Southern cities with hot and calm climate conditions, located on difficult terrain due to the lack of sufficient aeration, are in an extreme ecological situation. Urban construction on difficult terrain affects the established local microclimate by changing the structure of the environment and hydrogeological conditions. In addition, the development of urban space and the construction of modern multi-storey buildings significantly affect the aerodynamics of the environment and ecology. In the article, on the basis of the analysis of the climatic parameters of the cities of Sochi, Makhachkala and field observations, the conditions under which the local air circulation is formed, contributing to the improvement of the ecological situation, are revealed. Models of the formation of aeration of urban space for different types of landscaping have been constructed The analysis performed will make it possible to correctly assess the factors influencing the formation of aeration of thermal origin and their role in improving the ecology of cities with hot and calm climate conditions.

Keywords: wind, buildings, structures, landscaping, space, climate, region, analysis, landscape, aeration, ecology