The article is devoted to the issue of increasing the efficiency of ventilation systems through the use of a new type of air ducts. The main advantage of microperforated textile air ducts is the possibility of supplying fresh air with laminar micro jets to the human breathing zone. The need to adapt the existing methods for calculating the main parameters of jets for the laminar regime is noted. The article presents the results on the development of a mathematical model of a stationary boundary layer for the numerical calculation of the movement and heat and mass transfer of air in a laminar microjet. A discrete analog of the generalized differential equation is derived, on the basis of which a software package is developed that allows one to determine the main parameters of laminar microjets. Verification of the developed software package was carried out, the discrepancy with the known engineering method was less than 3%.

Keywords: mathematical modeling, air exchange, microperforated textile air duct, microperforation, laminar jet, control-volume method, round jet, micro jet

The method of fixing soils is injection filling of voids, which is produced by binding materials - cements, clays, bitumen, etc., and sand, sawdust, loam, suspensions are used as inert fillers. It is possible to improve the quality of cement composite solutions through the use of reinforcing additives, which in the future will ensure a high degree of reliability, safe operation of facilities. The paper considers the possibility of involving nano-additives in grouting compositions, such as aluminosilicates, in particular boehmite. Studies of the hardening processes of composite solutions in the presence of bentonite grade P1T1 with different content of boehmite have been carried out. The concentration of boehmite at which the rate of hardening of the composite solution is maximal is determined. In order to save cement, the effect of the surfactant on the strength of the composite solution was investigated, it was found that the 20% introduction of the surfactant into the composite solution gives a strength that almost coincides with the zero sample.

Keywords: safe operation, plugging compositions, boehmite, surfactants, strength, structure formation, optimal concentration, nanosystem, modifier, cement

An example of a technical examination of a cultural heritage object of federal significance is given in order to identify the fact of violation of the Federal legislation during its restoration. Recommendations are given on the preparation of a technical conclusion of this examination. The article was written on the basis of the research carried out (at the request of law enforcement agencies).

Keywords: technical expertise, object of cultural heritage, violation of the law, building structures, temple, dome, restoration

The main content of the diversification of production as the activity of business entities is considered. manifested in the purchase of existing enterprises, organizations of new enterprises, this article proposes a method of using GIS to optimize the sewage system of critical areas. The nearby territory of the Volgograd Arena stadium was chosen as the site of work.

Keywords: ArcGIS, Storm and Sanitary Analysis, Civil 3D, Sewage.

In view of the trend of transition to the Western experience of construction, which implies the delivery of objects with a complete set of finishing works, developers and investors have a need to involve the technical customer service to carry out construction control, at the stage of finishing works. Since a clear system of controlled indicators has not been established to improve the quality of finishing works, this article is devoted to the identification of the main cycles of finishing works and the typification of the most common defects, with a reserve for the establishment of factors that affect the manifestation of these defects in the production of finishing works.

Keywords: finishing works, quality control, technical customer service, type of finishing works, complex of technological processes, defect, cycle

The article considers the assessment of the construction of social facilities in the development of territories of integrated development on the example of Rostov-on-Don. As part of this, the analysis of the territorial needs of the city of Rostov-on-Don in the construction of social institutions, spatial analysis of the placement of territories of complex development was carried out. A project for the construction of a preschool institution using green technologies has been developed and the effect of the results of the construction of the projected preschool institution has been calculated.

Keywords: сonstruction, preschool, integrated development, territory, project, urban environment

The buildings of the old housing stock, dating back to the second half of the 19th century, were built of bricks with lime mortar, the foundations were made of rubble stone, with and without cellars, the roofs were made of metal tin sheets on wooden rafters. Interfloor and attic floors were arranged on wooden (mainly pine wood) or metal beams with wooden filling. The building materials used for the construction of buildings of that period differed in strength characteristics, service life and, at the same time, were subjected to various negative influences during the period of operation. During the reconstruction of the ceiling on wooden beams, the standard service life of which is 40-60 years, it is necessary to install new ceilings, while preventing the destruction of the brickwork of the walls and the performance of work in difficult cramped conditions.

Keywords: reconstruction, housing stock, floors, inspection, defects, wooden beam, metal beam, profiled sheet

The paper presents the results of a study conducted for chemically and thermally resistant ceramics obtained from low-plastic clay using boric acid as a melt, zirconium oxide and galvanic sludge as functional additives. The studied ceramics were obtained by semi-dry pressing technology at a maximum firing temperature of 1050 оC. The dependences of the physical and mechanical properties of ceramics on the content of zirconium oxide and galvanic sludge in the charge are established. Zirconium oxide promotes liquid-phase sintering, compaction and strength enhancement, and galvanic sludge exhibits a pore-forming effect due to calcium carbonate and heavy metal hydroxides in its composition. At the same time, the effect of galvanic sludge on the physical and mechanical properties is lower than that of zirconium oxide. The quantities of the studied additives have been established, which make it possible to obtain high values of operational properties and apply the resulting ceramics in the production of lining and other ceramic products for special purposes.

Keywords: heat-resistant ceramics, acid-resistant ceramics, self-glazing, low-plastic clay, galvanic sludge, zirconium oxide, boric acid

The influence of surfactants, in particular adhesive and reducing additives, on the low-temperature and rheological properties of road bitumen is considered. Tests of the low-temperature properties of road bitumen with and without the use of appropriate additives were carried out, followed by a comparison of the results. Also, in order to assess the effect of the above surfactants on the ability of road bitumen to retain its properties over time, a comparative analysis of bitumen samples subjected to the aging process was carried out. In general, the results of this study indicate that the use of surfactants can lead to an increase in the durability of road bitumen, even at low temperatures.

Keywords: bitumen, surfactant, additive, low-temperature property, durability, road, asphalt concrete, rheology, aging process, testing

The urban environment is formed by anthropogenic and natural factors. The authors proposes consideration of the urban environment as a complex ecosystem, determined by urban planning elements. The quality of the urban environment determines the degree of favorableness in this environment and compliance with modern requirements and living conditions. The essential factors that determine the urban environment – technical, architectural, planning, engineering. Technical factors form the frame of the urban environment (constructive solutions). Architectural means determine the visual perception of the urban environment. Planning factors include methods of planning and development of the territory. Engineering factors ensure the development of engineering infrastructure. In addition, technological factors ensure the use of new smart technologies. Technogenic factors create negative external effects of the urban environment. The main condition for considering the urban environment as an ecosystem is the compliance of all urban planning decisions with environmental standards. The use of an integrated approach when changing the design solution of the urban environment makes it possible to rationally and effectively prevent and identify negative impacts.

Keywords: urban environment, environmental factor, ecosystem, integrated system, environmental standard

The technology of erecting inverted green roof in exploited roofs is becoming increasingly relevant in modern construction in accordance with the principles of sustainable development and energy efficiency. However, the theoretical support for the design and construction of an inverted roof is still not enough – there is no comprehensive analysis of the roof structure, which would comprehensively take into account various criteria. The study developed mathematical models of three systematized groups of erection of inverted roofs (on supports, without supports and roof-parking) according to three enlarged criteria that comprehensively characterize their design: tecnological efficiency, resource efficiency and environmental friendliness. The results of the study make it possible to determine the optimal solutions for roofing at the stage of variant structural and technological design for their further improvement and application in construction practice.

Keywords: inverted roof, exploited coating, system of criteria, systematization, structural and technological design, variant design, expert analysis, mathematical modeling, technological efficiency, efficiency, environmental friendliness

The article is devoted to the analysis of the possibilities of using modular home building technology. Modular construction is determined by approaches that do not follow traditional methods. The system is reduced to the assembly of prefabricated buildings from individual modules. These modular elements are usually manufactured at the factory. This helps to remove weather restrictions, reduces the risk of a shortage of labor on the spot. Placed on the foundation, the individual modules are assembled into a complete modular structure. With modular housing construction, the possibilities and choices are quite limitless. There is always an opportunity to make an individual design. In prefabricated houses, it is possible to use modules equipped with water supply, sewerage, heating and electricity systems. The article presents an overview of the advantages and disadvantages of the modular design. The advantages are listed in terms of quality, economy, time and ecology, as well as in terms of design flexibility and work safety, both during production and during installation on the construction site. The disadvantages of the modular design are also considered - complex transportation of modules requiring coordination of production and construction, the high cost of production and its typification.

Keywords: architecture, modular housing construction, module, frame buildings, ergonomics, energy efficiency, volumetric and modular design, modular construction

The results of the technical inspection of the building structures recognized as dilapidated and subject to reconstruction with a positive conclusion of the construction-technical expertise are presented. The program of complex technical diagnostics, including the regulations of the necessary expert and verification work, methods and techniques of examination, recommendations on the choice of modern technical means of measurement and instrumentation is developed. The category of the technical condition of the building was established, and recommendations for strengthening the monolithic reinforced concrete floor slabs were developed.

Keywords: construction expertise, technical inspection, defects, nondestructive testing methods, expert opinion

The article analyzes the influence of an air cushion vehicle as a source of dust on the general and local picture of the dust situation in an industrial premises and assesses the significance of the increase in the concentration of dust particles in the dust and gas environment. A model for measuring the dustiness of the working area of industrial premises using a special set of high-frequency bandpass filters and a PC is proposed. Determination of dust content in industrial premises is carried out by the received spectrum of the acoustic signal, which is a "frequency portrait" of the concentration of dust particles in the dust and gas environment.

Keywords: industrial premises, transport vehicle, concentration of dust particles, measuring complex, ultrasonic signal, dustiness spectrogram

This paper provides the results obtained from the studies of polymer-bitumen binder (PBB) used for the production of polymer-modified asphalt cements (PMA). Thermoplastic elastomers produced at Voronezh Synthetic Rubber Plant, as well as at Chinese and Korean production units have been studied in order to obtain PBB. It has been established that locally-produced thermoplastic elastomers of DST-30 grade demonstrate the best performance indicators. To reduce the costs, speed up the preparation process and improve the properties of PBB, a new technology for incorporation of DST into bitumen was developed. It is suggested that DST should first be dissolved in industrial oil of the trademark IM-20, and after that the polymer solution should be incorporated into bitumen. Furthermore, the limiting concentrations of DST additive in oil were determined, which range from 10 to 30%. The influence of the DST additive on the properties of the domestically produced bitumen of the Achinsk Oil Refinery grade BND 90/130 was revealed. Studies have found that the inclusion of additives leads to an increase in extensibility, elasticity and a decrease in the brittleness temperature of bitumen, which indicates an increased deformability of the polymer-bitumen binder. Using the method of experiment planning, the optimal composition of PBB was determined: the ratio of DST and oil stands at 19% DST and 81% oil; the amount of polymer solution in the binder equals 9%. This composition was prepared in laboratory conditions, its properties were determined and compared with the requirements. The prepared composition of the PBB was recommended for industrial implementation to the roadway maintenance bodies of the city of Krasnoyarsk and the Krasnoyarsk Territory.

Keywords: diversification of management, production diversification, financial and economic purposes of a diversification, technological purposes of ensuring flexibility of production

The optimization of the taxable base of capital construction objects is considered, this is the desire of customers and operating organizations to manage the cost of ownership of one or another technical solution, which is certainly reasonable in modern conditions, when when making a technical solution, its full cost is estimated, including the so-called cost of ownership for the entire period of the life cycle of the object, from the formation of an idea for the creation of a future object to its decommissioning.

Keywords: collapsible foundation, protective element, flow method, wind power plant, building structures

Decorative materials currently used to give architectural expressiveness to buildings and structures have various compositions, including cement, fillers, pigments. To obtain products with high decorative indicators, it is necessary to choose components in such a way that, as a result of operation, the decorative properties that ensure the quality of the facade surface are preserved. The quality of aggregates and the technology of production of products are important at all stages of production.

Keywords: concrete, finishing materials, artificial stone, mortar, decorative cladding, deformation, pigments, placeholder

The article discusses the peculiarity of determining the duration of laying concrete mix depending on the height of the installation horizon. As a result of the study, the design was justified, which was accepted as a representative object, a sample of standard values of machine time costs was performed depending on the height (number of floors) of the building, the dependence of the calculated value of machine time costs on the height of the floor (the horizon of the work) was obtained, the reliability of the calculated values was estimated.

Keywords: monolithic construction, concrete works, labor intensity of work, duration of work, installation horizon, tower crane

Modern conditions require improving the methodological approach to making organizational and technological decisions within the framework of documentation developed during the design and construction of facilities. The development of organizational and technological solutions involves a multifactorial complex analysis based on the criterion of safety and rationality of ways to perform individual technological processes and their complexes.

Keywords: documentation, solutions, limitations, technological complex, system, organization, technology, parameters, conditions, factors

Concrete and reinforced concrete recycling is a system of mechanical processing of waste concrete and reinforced concrete with the aim of obtaining raw materials for secondary use, i.e. resource renewal and returning construction waste to the economic cycle. In order to reduce costs for new construction, preserve natural resources, and land areas that could be used for new landfills, it is necessary to use recycled concrete and reinforced concrete as secondary crushed stone and sand-gravel mixture. At present, the economic necessity has arisen for the development of modern domestic equipment for processing concrete waste. Foreign manufacturers of crushing equipment from unfriendly countries are leaving Russia, which gives an impetus to the active development of this industry in our country, as well as to the emergence of new relationships with companies from countries that previously did not have access to our market.

Keywords: Keywords: recycling, reinforced concrete, secondary crushed stone, construction waste, crushing equipment.

The reliability of assessing the amount of accumulated waste in the context of an imperfect scientific and methodological base for standardizing MSW, in the absence of generally accepted calculation methods, is not high enough. The possibility of using cluster analysis in the formation of a statistical sample of objects of a stationary trade network in setting standards for the accumulation of municipal solid waste is shown. A methodology for the formation of a representative statistical sample of objects of a stationary trading network has been developed when setting standards for the accumulation of solid municipal waste based on cluster analysis.

Keywords: waste accumulation, municipal solid waste, MSW generation standard, stationary trade network object, cluster analysis, representative sample

Building materials are classical composites with heterogeneous and multiphase structure. Components are introduced into their composition - industrial waste. Based on the author's developments, the modification of fine-grained concrete with mineral additives based on industrial waste from the Lower Volga region as hardening activators and fillers of concrete compositions leads to an increase in compressive strength. Fine-grained concrete modified by industrial waste components (construction composition) will be widely used due to its architectural and construction properties, increased physical and mechanical characteristics, versatility and an affordable raw material base in the Lower Volga region, which is economically and environmentally justified. It is concluded that fine-grained concrete modified by industrial waste components (construction composition) is promising at all stages of construction of buildings and structures.

Keywords: electronic payment system, distributed registry technology, decentralized electronic payment system, digital money, national digital currency

The problem of developing an optimal waste management system is very relevant in many countries. To solve it, it is necessary to study the processes of waste accumulation, to systematize the factors and conditions that affect the generation of waste, to determine the features of establishing waste accumulation standards for various objects. The article discusses the features of the accumulation of municipal solid waste and the establishment of standards for their accumulation for stationary objects of the distribution network.The volume and mass values ​​of daily indicators of accumulation of MSW from a trading area of ​​a certain type and the total value of accumulation indicators (over the entire trading area) are found. The formats of retail facilities with the maximum average daily indicators of MSW accumulation have been established. Standards for the accumulation of MSW for the category under consideration have been established for 1m2 of retail space with food products, 1m2 of retail space with non-food products.

Keywords: waste accumulation, municipal solid waste, MSW generation standard, stationary trade network object, volume indicator, mass indicators

The main maintenance of a diversification of production as activity of subjects of managing is considered. being shown in purchase of the operating enterprises, the organizations of the new enterprises, redistribution of investments in interests of the organization and development of new production on available floor spaces. The most important organizational economic targets of a diversification of management are presented by innovative activity of the industrial enterprise.

Keywords: management, traffic, traffic flows, pedestrian flows, technology, design, interchanges, control method, numerical model, simulation