The article considers key aspects related to the process of managerial decision-making and the formation of managerial influence in conditions of uncertainty associated with risk, in such a complex and numerous social organizational system as internal affairs bodies, when the subject of management does not have reliable or does not fully possess sufficient information about the current state of the operational situation. In the organization of information and analytical activities of internal affairs bodies are highlighted in order to determine priority areas of law enforcement activity in accordance with their main functions, forecasting possible adverse trends and processes in society, substantiating ways and means of resolving identified problematic situations in law enforcement and developing appropriate preventive measures in various information situations according to probabilistic realizations of various outcomes. The application of the main types of selection criteria and formalized models for determining the relationship between planned organizational measures and the results of their implementation in the presence of uncertain factors affecting effective decision-making in situations of rapid changes in the elements of the operational situation and the irrational use of resources available in the internal affairs bodies is considered and illustrated. Using concrete examples, the mechanism of finding the optimal management solution in the field of law enforcement and public safety is demonstrated, the existing problems of choosing a solution in conditions of risk and uncertainty are identified and ways to resolve them are proposed, an analysis is made regarding the results of the study.

Keywords: "managerial decisions, managerial activity, decision-making in conditions of risk and uncertainty, situational management, internal affairs bodies, law enforcement, information, information and telecommunication technologies, decision-making criteria

Economic development directly depends on the creation of a network of roads of the highest category. Major road construction requires large capital investments and less funds are allocated for the operation of existing roads and infrastructure. Instead of replacing bridge structures, it is necessary to use their reconstruction. The article discusses the problem of reconstruction of bridge structures, namely the restoration of carrying capacity, which has decreased during many years of operation. The relevance of the study, its goals and objectives are noted. A classification of reinforcement structures according to various criteria is proposed. The types of bridge reinforcements often used in practice, their advantages and disadvantages, are analyzed. The presented material is illustrated with photographs of objects. Successful reconstruction directly depends on the qualifications of designers and contractors, since with insufficient reinforcement, the span continues to work and is overloaded and gradually collapses. A modern method of reinforcement based on the use of carbon composite is presented. Significant disadvantages of this method for strengthening bridges and its modification using a tensioning device to secure and tension the carbon lamellas have been noted. The use of a tensioning device allows the superstructure to be partially unloaded from permanent and temporary loads. The main conclusions are presented.

Keywords: bridge, strengthening, reconstruction, truss, carbon composite, lamella, load-carrying capacity, load-bearing capacity, tension

More than 42 thousand bridges on highways are operated in Russia. Most of the bridge park was built in the past years. Bridges are getting old, accumulating destruction and defects and gradually cease to meet the requirements for safety, durability and load capacity imposed on them. It is necessary to spend a lot of effort and money on maintaining a stable working condition of all operated bridges. The use of modern surveillance tools will save financial and time resources. Such means of monitoring and collecting information can be unmanned aerial vehicles: various types and designs of quadrocopters and drones. A quadrocopter inspection of one of the city's overpasses showed high efficiency and quality of the information received. Based on the data obtained, it is possible to judge the technical condition of the object. Of course, the particularly dangerous defects identified during the inspection should subsequently be examined by a specialist to make a final decision. The article presents the photographic materials obtained by the modern method of data collection, the advantages of using quadrocopters in the survey of bridges and the technical characteristics of the equipment.

Keywords: operation of structures, inspection, bridge structures, quadrocopters, drones, defects, destruction,bridge bed

The article deals with measures to preserve the ground bases of structures in a frozen state. It is shown that the methods of soil screening are cheap and do not use special equipment. These methods use different types of insulation: natural and artificial. The existing technologies of the device of thermal insulation screens on highways and engineering structures are described. It is proposed to replace polyurethane foam with extruded polystyrene foam. These materials are described and their physical properties are compared. The technology of the device of the heat-insulating coating is given.

Keywords: geoplites, expanded polystyrene, polyurethane foam, thermal insulation screen, foundations, permafrost soils, geotextiles,moss cover

The possibilities of using the graphic editor AutoCAD in the formation of the readiness of graduates of a technical university for graphic activity are considered. Examples of solving educational problems in the main sections of the discipline "Engineering and Computer Graphics" are given: projection, mechanical engineering and construction drawing.

Keywords: diversification of management, production diversification, financial and economic purposes of a diversification, technological purposes of ensuring flexibility of production

Piezoceramics based on the lead zirconate-titanate (PZT) system is the basis of most transducers operating on the piezoelectric effect and are used in various electronic devices operating in the sections of electrical and hydroacoustics, ultrasonic technology, etc. In turn, piezoceramic materials created in the last century have substantially exhausted their potential for use in modern devices, and it is rather difficult to develop new compositions and is not economically efficient. In connection with the above, an urgent task is to find modern ways to increase the parameters of piezoceramic materials.

Keywords: piezoceramics, piezophase, piezomaterial, ceramic technology, microstructure

The article deals with the problem of imperfect design of modern bridge structures in Russia, using the example of comparing different forms of a continuous profile of bridges. Examples are given where the use of a curvilinear form would save space on the construction of bridges. A number of calculations and their analysis were carried out, as a result of which we received that the parabolic shape of the longitudinal profile of the bridge is the most efficient and economical

Keywords: construction, bridge, longitudinal profile, slope of the embankment, efficiency, efficiency, transverse profile of the embankment, length, volume

The article deals with the problem of pedestrian crossings and congestion of highways of the city of Volgograd. It described the situation on the highways and solutions to eliminate congestion on the road. Car traffic was conditionally divided into 3 categories: transit, the transit from the center and the car flow moving into the center. Studied the question of the safety of pedestrians on the road, because, except for pedestrians with the intersection increases their safety. The study and analysis of all previously implemented measures was proposed construction of underground pedestrian tunnels. Several embodiments of tunnel junctions have been considered. Analysis of the current transport situation revealed the busiest places in the city center.It was noted that the construction of underpasses solve the problem of vehicular traffic in the city center and pedestrian safety, and the city will have new underground space.

Keywords: Сar flow,highway, tunnel transition, transit transport, carriageway, longitudinal,security,road traffic

The article analyzes the natural conditions of the Northern latitudes of Russia, where the main reserves of fossil hydrocarbons and metals are concentrated. It is shown that mining requires the development of the road network and artificial structures on the roads. It is noted that the most difficult stage in the construction of bridge structures is the construction of foundations. The types used in the Northern latitudes of foundations are considered, and their positive and negative qualities, such as weight, method of construction and volume of earthworks, are noted. The paper emphasizes the relevance of the problem of maintaining the stability of permafrost soils in seasonal thawing and loss of their bearing capacity. Methods of maintaining the soil in a solid state can be natural and artificial. The methods of thermal stabilization of soils, as well as machinery and equipment used in these conditions.

Keywords: permafrost, road network, bridge, polystyrene, superstructure, pile support, Foundation, thermal insulation screen, heat stabilizer

The article deals with the problem of the functional state of the bridge park in Russia. The statistics of the number of bridges, newly built bridges. Attention is focused on the inconsistency of old bridges with modern regulatory requirements for safety, carrying capacity, and carrying capacity. Noted on the relevance of flood impact on bridges and roads. The causes of occurrence are described. The problem of flood forecasting is highlighted. Examples of accidents of bridge structures from the effects of water flow are given: sediment, roll of supports and abutments, erosion of the embankment approach. Based on the situation in the city of Chita, the statistics of the frequency of flooding in different years are given, the critical levels of these disasters are indicated, and statistics on the consequences of the impact of the flood is given. The impact of the normative water flow is considered, and it is proposed to analyze the effect of the excess flow arising from the maximum level of bottling. Presents the results of calculations for which comparisons are made of various approaches to determine the depth of erosion of the channel.

Keywords: bridges, flood impact, safety, bridge destruction, regulatory documents, erosion depth, water flow

This article is dedicated to one of the symbols of Volgograd city, which is the Astrakhanskiy Bridge. We described the history of creation and the technical specifications of the bridge over the Tsaritsa river. After conducting an investigation, some defects in the bridge construction were uncovered. The framework arcs have longitudinal cracks, the protective layer of concrete is destroyed; the longitudinal main reinforcement is exposed and corroded. The protective layer of concrete was removed and the longitudinal main reinforcement was corroded on the longitudinal beams. During operation of the bridge, the defects that decrease load capacity and durability appeared: destruction of the protective layer of concrete on a plate of about 2 square meters. This led to the beginning of corrosion of the lower reinforcement net. Steel brackets, holding the walkway slabs, are heavily corroded; the protective paint coating on them is destroyed over significant lengths. The analysis of detected damage allowed to evaluate their impact on the durability and load capacity of the construction and determine those, who are responsible for its occurrence. It is noted that postponing of repair operations has a negative impact on the state of the bridge.

Keywords: bridge, city symbol, superstructure, roadway plate, defects, arch, bridge system, bearing structures, durability, load capacity

The article deals with the design of bimetallic bridges, their advantages in comparison with reinforced concrete bridges. Its given the characteristics and chemical composition of conventional bridged steel and high strength steels. The scheme of dividing continuous lash of span structure into spans is considered and the ratio of spans with equal bending moments is calculated. Its given the calculation of an effective three-span system. The existing efforts and bimetallic standard blocks of three types are proposed for them. Blocks are made of two types of steel: conventional cross section of bridge steel, heavily loaded cross section of structural high tensile. In block A, the lower belt; in block B the lower belt, the wall and thongs of the orthotropic plate; in block K the lower belt and the beam wall is made of strong steel. Such unification will significantly reduce labor intensity and weight of the structure.

Keywords: bimetallic, span structure,steel grade,enveloping the diagram, normal stresses, mounting block, sheet hire

In this article we consider correspondence problem of the supporting parts containing deformable polymers used in the beam bridges (used in bridge constructing - лишнее, мне кажется). According to the shear diagram, supporting parts shall provide free angular and linear displacements of the beams' end faces sections. Otherwise gradual destruction of the nearby areas is possible. We study a rubber supporting part (RSP). Factors contributing to the deformation of the supporting part and their calculation with different algorithms, including the differential equation of the curved axis and Mohr method are given. The values of angular and linear deformations for the concrete reinforced bridge beam are calculated.

Keywords: bearing, adjustable bearing, deformation, bridges, bridge beam, shear strains, angular displacement, linear displacement, crumple.

Issues related to the safe operation of the transport system as a whole. The article touches upon the questions on how to repair the car in Volgograd. In the city, this guide is the only link in the area. Long-term operation of the overpass led to the accumulation of a large number of defects and damages that prevented it from being fully used. Accounting for all aspects of the safe use of the way to ensure its sustainable functioning. The measures ensuring the safe operation of transport facilities include: increasing the dimensions of the roadway of the overpass, strengthening structures to increase the carrying capacity to normative work, processing and storing seismic precipitation on the span, installing a video camera for rapid response in case of traffic accidents and illegal actions. To increase the load-bearing structures, the new beams should be replaced with new beams, designed for high loads, and also use composite reinforcement with carbon fiber.

Keywords: safety, load-carrying capacity, reconstruction, bridges, sustainable functioning, reinforcement, diagnostics of structures, waterproofing

In the article the main types of corrosion of concrete, such as chloride, sulfate, acid and carbon dioxide, are considered, the mechanism of cement stone damage is given. The danger of leaching of concrete is shown. Protection of bridges from penetration of aggressive moisture is waterproofing. Materials used for the device of waterproofing in our country are given, their advantages and disadvantages.

Keywords: Waterproofing bridges, carbon dioxide corrosion, chloride corrosion, acid corrosion, concrete leaching, waterproofing materials, adhesion