The paper discusses the importance of reconstruction of the existing buildings and structures as energy efficient premises. It highlights that, despite the tendency to demolish residential facilities built in the second half of the twentieth century, in many cities (not only in Russia) these premises are still in demand on the real property market. Because one of the principles of making energy efficient buildings through their reconstruction is to increase the thickness of enclosing structures the paper suggests using composite foam (PENOCOM®) as a certified composite thermal insulation material. The paper sets out the main characteristics of composite foam and provides a summary description of the technology to increase wall thickness with the use of composite foam.

Keywords: energy efficient building, reconstruction, enclosing structures, thermal insulation material, composite foam, technology to increase wall thickness

This article is devoted to becoming of sustainable development urban areas, urban development and regulation of development in Russia, city-planning norms and rules. Based on the results it offers methods for solving topical problem and multifaceted approach with transformational change urban areas.

Keywords: sustainable development urban areas, urban development, urban planning, reconstruction urban areas, energy efficiency technology

In the article the nascent type of linear environment objects of the city-linear park was considered. The peculiarities, specific features of this type, its structural elements, methods of formation and basic principles of construction are revealed. Also, it was revealed the need to use the synthesis of methods that ensure the complex formation of the linear park environment: the method of deep-spatial compositional connection of territories, the method of scenario-functional zoning, the method of creating a local brand and the method of eco-rehabilitation of the incoming territories. Comparison of linear parks with the closest prototype - traditional pedestrian streets is made, the structure-forming role of the landscape component in the design of linear parks is revealed. As a result of the research, the authors made conclusions concerning the study of the phenomenon of linear park, its role and place in environmental design, specificity, an important function in the city's eco-rehabilitation.

Keywords: Linear parks, eco-rehabilitation, natural-urban environment, ecological framework, scenario-functional zoning method; Method of local city brand

In article results of researches of influence of type and concentration of various electrolytes on the rheology of clay suspensions. The influence of liquid sodium glass, sodium carbonate, sodium tripolyphosphate and lignin-alkaline reagent on the fluidity of the clay slurries. It is shown that the use of a number of electrolytes at low concentrations increase the mobility of clay suspensions. Found that when using polymineral clay vladimirovskaya the greatest thinning effect was achieved with the introduction of the sodium silicate glass.

Keywords: electrolytes, the clay slurry, the fluidity, ion exchange, dilution of clays, foam ceramics

Monitoring of the strength of the road M4 “don” p. Tarasovskiy. Using data obtained by setting the FWD built bowls deflection characteristic sections, determined the overall elastic modulus. The estimation of the strength reduction of the road section.

Keywords: To install dynamic loading, bowl deflection, the modulus of elasticity.

This article deals with the problem of coping with changing climate environment in houses and close ties with wear and tear of buildings. The authors analyze the state of housing stock in town Shakhty and perspectives of improving people’s life quality. For this purpose, a number of full-scale studies were carried out to analyze defects of enclosing structures to prove that they are significantly connected with temperature environment of living quarters. To regulate the basic parameters, the authors choose an integrated monitoring system allowing the researchers to determine a special approach to assessing the buildings’ structure states based on joint result of examining building structure states and air environment.

Keywords: energy-savings, housing stock, wear, controlled environment, enclosing, temperature distribution, housing and communal sector

In article the graphic method of definition of local characteristics of the curve surfaces of the difficult geometrical nature set by the two images on the projective drawing is considered. Statement of a technical task of determination of the main radiuses of curvature of a surface by means of three normal sections is proved. The described method can be used when designing various products in many areas of the equipment, construction and architecture.

Keywords: curvature of a surface, line surfaces, curvature radius, surface section, radius vector

In article traffic safety of vehicles at the movement at intersections is considered. Possibility of a road accident is estimated. In article the interval of time at which TC2 becomes an obstacle for TC1 is defined and there can be a collision of the vehicles moving at an obtuse angle. Parameters of the movement of vehicles necessary for development of mathematical model are also determined.

Keywords: street road network, intersection, road accident, traffic safety

The article deals with the complexity of construction in the conditions of the extreme north on permafrost soils. The types of technical solutions for temperature stabilization, analysis of the possibility of using systems to maintain the temperature regime of the base, comparison with traditional methods of construction on permafrost soils, provided a feasibility study for the use of thermal stabilization and their advantages.

Keywords: Oil and gas industry, the extreme north, permafrost soils, thermal stabilization, systems "GET", "BET"

The development of bionics as a science of its advantages, the prospects of its images and development on various examples in designing such as the opera and cultural center in Dubai, the "Tower-Cocoon", the City-Tower, as well as the bionic designs of the Belgian architect Vincent Kallebot are considered.

Keywords: Architecture, bionics, bus station, buses, "standard projects", "individual projects", roads

Permits is one of the factors influencing investment attractiveness of the project. The article presents problems as well as significant differences in the procedure of obtaining building permits in various regions of the Russian Federation. Displayed certain investments and time needed for a permit. In the study "Doing business" presents a comparative analysis of regulations of business activities. Graphically shows the ranking of cities, as well as the Russian Federation itself in terms of ease of obtaining construction permits. Shown to work to reduce the time and cost of administrative procedures in construction in Russia and its regions. The proposed methods simplify procedures for obtaining permits, as well as mechanisms for optimizing processes in the field of construction.

Keywords: permits, administrative barriers, capital construction, investment climate, simplification of procedures, capital costs, costs, and process optimization

The article discusses the possibilities of using forklift trucks (stacker-reach trucks) for mechanized installation of dividing walls, when cast-in-place slabs are assembled or manufactured. It is emphasized that in the early 1980s similar equipment that didn’t have a series production, was used in the construction of buildings by the lift-slab method. Some technical characteristics of the old equipment and modern warehouse equipment are compared, the advantages of the modern are revealed. It is noted that the simultaneous use of warehouse equipment on several floors of the erected frame building can lead to a significant reduction in the construction time. It is also indicated that the stacker-reach trucks used at the construction site are multifunctional, since they can not only transport construction cargo but also serve as an auxiliary equipment for safe work at a certain altitude when performing welding operations and fixing joints.

Keywords: precast and cast-in-situ frame building, mechanized installation of dividing walls, remote site, forklift truck, stacker-reach truck, working site

Air pollution in residential areas near industrial plants is one of the most significant problems of modern ecology. The resulting dust is one of the important factors in assessing the adverse impact on the environment. Studies show that the greatest danger to the human body is particles up to 10 microns in size. When analyzing the dispersion of dust in the residential and industrial areas, it is possible to estimate the percentage of particles PM10 and PM2.5 from the total amount that is necessary to effectively control the effects of dust on human health. The article gives a comparative analysis of the results of studies of the dispersion composition and dust concentration in the air of the working zone and the urban environment.

Keywords: sources of pollution, atmospheric air, dispersed analysis, PM10, PM2.5, dust, microscopic method, laser method, concentration, sanitary protection zone

The article consists of overview of stages of forming industrial buildings architectural types and contemporary trends and principles of industrial buildings topical organization and reconstruction.

Keywords: architecture, industrial buildings, reconstruction of industrial buildings

Presents characteristics of extruded small travel goods. The influence of prescription and technological factors on the properties of the products. Defined rational parameters of the investigated factors. Acknowledged receipt of extruded composites for road construction with the necessary performance.

Keywords: cement, aggregate, water, pressing, pressure, composite, curing, density, strength, water absorption

The article proposes a special device which enables to improve the preparative processes during the main pipeline break at any technique of general maintenance or trench breaking. The device has been made to fix characteristic points on the surface of the earth. The application will enable to exclude the use of stakes or pegs driven into the ground. The device allows to continuously mark the space without stopping the machine to apply a special mix. The use of the marking on portions of pipeline bends will enable to cut the volume of the ground extracted from the trench and therefore to reduce the length of stripping. The application of the device will allow to improve the preparative processes prior to stripping works. The use of the proposed device will give the opportunity of its application in all the climatic conditions nationwide.

Keywords: Akhmedov A. M.

Разработан вариант рационального проектного решения торгового комплекса «Золотой» в г. Ростове-на-Дону путем замены конструкции покрытия для увеличения шага колонн 2 этажа. Исследование напряженно-деформированного состояние элементов каркаса здания методом конечных элементов. Для оптимизации проектных решений здания торгового комплекса выполнен сравнительный расчет конструктивных схем структурных покрытий типов «Кисловодск» и «БрГТУ». Даны рекомендации по конструктивным решениям покрытия каркаса здания.

Keywords: finite element method, finite element, structural coverage, the design load combination, section, design scheme

The article proposes an innovative device to install main pipes sections into strings when building and maintaining the linear pipeline portion. The spacial process flowcharts are given to install main pipeline sections into strings and the general view of the proposed device. The application of the device will enable to reduce the number of the pipe-laying machines and to completely avoid the application of special devices and mechanisms when supporting sections and and adjusting their edges to perform welding and insulation works. The device can be used also for tying in of the 24 and 36 m strings into one branch. One can achieve a considerable simplification of the working operation for adjustment and matching the edges of the two extended pipe sections. The proposed device will improve the equipment for the repair and construction site in general and to enhance the quality of the active works.

Keywords: main pipeline, general maintenance, adjustment of pipe sections, building of the linear portions of main pipelines, repair and construction site.

A ceramic penomassy with the best performance ratio, durability, viscosity and the limiting shear stress, the optimum conditions of maximum air entrainment and further stabilization is obtained penomassy. On the multiplicity of Promass is strongly influenced by the composition of clay raw materials and water-solids ratio, there are optimal values of water relations for clay raw materials of various kinds, when the multiplicity penomassy has a maximum value.

Keywords: clay raw materials, foaming agent, penomassu, multiplicity, cellular ceramics

This paper logically continues the first part of the work describing roof construction with the use of translucent materials. The analysis of the current tendencies in the construction of roofs for sports and entertainment facilities showed that the contemporary studies are focused on the development of sliding roofs and the most recent trends feature façade and roof coatings made of ethylene copolymer and tetrafluorethylene based (ETFE) film. This paper discusses the most prominent advantages of membrane cushion roofing in the light of the summary analysis covering the articles of foreign authors. It mentions that ETFE cushion roofs are also used to restore buildings and structures of historical significance. The paper goes on to suggest a new structure of sliding roof and describes the construction technology taking into account the experience of building ETFE cushion roofs.

Keywords: sports, entertainment facilities, sliding roof systems, construction technology, ethylene copolymer and tetrafluorethylene based film

Treatment methods of roadway covering with deicing product, including salt, reducing winter slipperiness, do not provide traffic safety at unpredictable drops in air temperature. Surface distribution of sleetproof materials covering pollutes the environment to a large degree and increases corrosive attack to metal parts of the car. The solution to this problem is the use of asphalt-concrete mixes with deicing properties.

Keywords: Stone-mastiphiс asphalt, SMA, icing additive, сoated ice adhesion, stabilizing additives, test lottman, national standart

Today is actual the transformation of preschool buildings of functionalism and the creation of a uniform pre-school modernization concept, built on standard projects of the Soviet period. In article was done a research of kindergartens objects in develop countries of Europe. Typological evolution of foreign architectural approach to the design of pre-school institutions is a diverse range of buildings constructed in the form, purpose, capacity, planning organization and variability of functional areas. In article reveals principles of pre-school institutions on the basic criterias and offered variants of their introduction into the complex model transformation typical kindergartens projects.

Keywords: preschool institution, kindergarten, international experience, space structure, functional planning scheme, the system of public education, comparative analysis, shaping

Summarizing the research focused on the studies of national and foreign scientists, this paper provides a brief analysis of the current situation in the area of greenfield construction and reconstruction of buildings as energy-efficient alternatives. It was found that buildings made in other climatic zones in line with the German standards do not meet the applicable energy efficiency requirements. Also, it is pointed out that the energy efficiency concept is always coupled with the idea of environmental safety of materials utilized, reduction of economic costs of construction and installation and energy security. The authors hold the view that energy efficient reconstruction of buildings and structures built in the second half of the 20th century (so called «stripped houses») can be accomplished through increasing the thickness of exterior walls with the use of innovative lightweight thermal insulation materials that enable building without underpinning and soil stabilization.

Keywords: energy-efficient building, passive house, heat shield performance, energy-efficient reconstruction, challenges and solutions, materials utilized

This article is dedicated to the problem of preschool educational buildings, that used for their intended purpose. For example was made a research of typical blocks of mass building (9-12 floors) with a stepped service system. The problem of transformation of the structure of kindergartens buildings, that were built in the Soviet period on standard projects, has become important in the modern world. Because of the conditions of modern lifestyle, requirements to kindergarten architectural space changed. The existing structure of the pre-school institutions has been tested in time and met the basic needs in 60-80 years , but today it does not correspond to new society activities. Now there is a need to upgrade the standard projects of preschools buildings. From a practical solution of the problems depends on the further development of the architectural environment of preschool education, that meets modern requirements in the urban structure.

Keywords: object of preschool institution, kindergarten, pre-school education, model project, a typical quarter, structure, architectural space, inspection, conversion, St. Petersburg

The number of the main factors negatively impact on the lives and health of people working staff, the environment of the enterprise in aluminum production. It is found that the most dangerous are harmful dust and aerosols, sewage sludge and red, an industrial accident. Based on the analysis of proposed measures to ensure the hygienic safety of the aluminum industry.The first factor in the adverse effects on the environment are emissions into atmosferu.Vtoroy factor -education waste, consisting mainly of a variety of useful metals, such as iron oxide, aluminum and titanium. These finely divided residues are referred to as "red mud" .Tretim important factor is the negative impact of accidents and disasters at these facilities. It is possible to present an analysis of accidents for 2014-2015g.g.mozhno conclude that for the normal functioning of enterprises for the production of aluminum products, requires careful adherence to basic security arrangements discussed above, as it will lead to an increase in productivity and quality finished products, reduce injuries among staff and factories workers, improve the environment and to minimize accidents involving the emission of harmful substances into the atmosphere and hydrosphere.

Keywords: aluminum, alumina, aerosols, pollutants, emission, occupational health, waste, red mud, waste water, galvanic production, accident, disaster, security