Actual problems of evolution of reconstruction of city building of Petrozavodsk are considered. Evolution of city building from the organizational and constructive points of view is studied. It is noticed that the basic stage of reconstruction comes to the end to the XX-th century middle, in many respects as a result of necessity to compensate the destructions put by war whereas purposeful modernisation of a historical part of a city comes to an end in 70th of a XIX-th century.
Keywords: The building organisation; city reconstruction; management of the project
The paper considers the issue of the reduction of radon daughter products exhalation from construction materials into the indoor air of residential buildings. The characteristics of materials obtained through the use of radiation technologies are given.
Keywords: radon, exhalation, equivalent dose, volume activity, radon emanation, penetration, polymers, construction materials, gamma background, radon, radionuclides, alpha particles
In many industries, production processes are connected with acidic wet-gas environments. These environments adversely affect building structures. The author suggests a light polymer-silicate schungisite concrete as a corrosion-resistant material of external walls. The use of this material will increase the service life of the walls of enterprises in a number of industries, where building structures are exposed to corrosive environments. Acid-resistant schungite and schungisite components were used in the material. The article presents the results of studies of the sorption humidity of a light polymer-silicate schungisite concrete. Sorption humidity was studied as a property that actively influences the energy efficiency and durability of external walls. It was concluded that the most favorable conditions for the work of the material from the point of view of its sorption-wetting are created at a relative humidity of air not exceeding 80%. The internal environment with relative humidity of air close to 90% can cause a sharp moistening of the material with sorption moisture.
Keywords: durability, energy efficiency, sorption humidity, acidic wet-gas environments, exterior walls, corrosion protection, polymer- silicate, shungite, shungisite,light polymer-silicate concrete
The lack of standards for the calculation of lightweight thin-walled steel structures allowed low-quality producers to save on production, which endangered the people who exploited such buildings. The appearance of normative documents for the calculation of thin-walled structures entails responsibility for the affirmers of these normative documents. In Russia, such norms appeared relatively recently and the purpose of this study was to compare domestic normative methods of calculation with non-significant ones. During the presentation of the study, the concept of a reduced (effective) section of a beam when working on bending was considered. Also, the same stages of the calculation methods were noted, indicating the places where the methods differ in their opinions. The result of this study is a comparison table for the basic geometric characteristic for obtaining the bearing capacity of an effective torque element of resistance. An analysis was carried out and a conclusion was drawn on these values.
Keywords: steel structures, light steel thin-walled structures, thin-walled beams, reduced cross-section, bending work, C-shaped profile, effective cross-section, effective area, effective resistance moment
In this paper, it is proposed to update the values of the bearing capacity of the hinge attachment of the beams to the columns on 2 bolts. A comparative analysis of the bearing capacity of the assembly presented in the 2.440-2 release 1 series and calculated according to modern building codes is carried out. Five calculation formulas were obtained for the five possible limiting states of the node. A table with the values of the limiting forces perceived by the connection is presented. A possible variant of improving the assembly is presented, by including a support table in the work.
Keywords: bearing capacity, metal structures, hinged unit, structural solution, connection of elements, limit state
The article considers the problems of sufficient natural light` provision of premises with roof natural lighting system in winter climate conditions of Russian Federation. It is noted, that contemporary Codes and Regulations on Natural Lighting don`t consider an effect of snow deposits on roof skylights on the values of daylight factor (D.F.) in interiors.Snow deposits on Building roofs is a characteristic feature for a winter months in climate conditions of major part of Russian Federation, thus making the investigations considered very actual. The article contents the results of site investigations, as well as results of the oretical calculations on the problem in question.
Keywords: Snow deposits, daylight factor, a system of roof natural lighting, skylights.
The article considers the problems of sufficient natural light` provision of required levels of narural illumination in premises with natural light system in form of roof skylights. The influenoe of snow deposits on roofs and skylights on light penetration through the glazin a of these elements with respect to snow`pollution is being considered. The latter factor, due to general pollution of air masses becomes very important and characteristic to the large cities of our country` conditions. This makes the problem in question very actual. The results of field studies, general conclusions and recomendations are being quoted.
Keywords: snow deposits, snow pollution, light penetration of roof lights system of roof natural light, climate conditions
Article considers the fundamentals of the organization of construction works in cramped conditions of the current town-planning situation, the impact of construction works on the environment, and a brief description of the negative impact factors is provided. The expediency of a systematic approach to improving the quality of construction is shown, including taking into account the assessment of the state of the environment and the need to reduce the negative impact of construction and installation works on nearby built-up areas. The necessity of taking into account measures to reduce the levels of negative impact on the environment during the project development of the production of works is substantiated, and a number of recommendations are given on the organization of construction works.
Keywords: construction, cramped urban conditions, organizational and technological design, technological processes, environment, organization of construction, construction technologies, construction and installation works, means of mechanization, environmental safe
The article presents the results and outlines the prospects of scientific research of technological processes in cramped urban conditions. The expediency of a systematic approach to improving the quality of construction is shown, including taking into account the assessment of the state of the environment and the need to reduce the negative impact of construction works on nearby built-up areas. The necessity of taking into account the above factors in the development of the project for the production of works is substantiated.
Keywords: construction, cramped urban conditions, organizational and technological design, technological processes, environment, organization of construction, construction technologies, construction and installation works, means of mechanization, environmental safe
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