The history of development of small hotels in different time periods is considered in the article: ancient Greece, the Middle Ages, pre-revolutionary Russia of the 17th-19th centuries. Two main historical forms of small hotels in Russia in the 18-19 centuries are compared: an inn and a tavern. The main approaches to studying the typology of small hotels in the Soviet Union are covered. Considered the changes that have occurred in the architecture of small hotels in recent decades. There are several important modern architectural models of small hotels (small hotel and complex of restaurant and hotel), as a return to the historical forms of small hotels (inn and tavern).

Keywords: Small hotels, architecture, inn, tavern, architectural model, architectural design, architectural typology, design principles, optimal capacity, functional areas, complex of restaurant and hotel

The article is devoted to the comparative analysis of the construction and operation of buildings of traditional form and dome buildings. This comparative data on material costs for construction of buildings of different shapes.

Keywords: dome building, energy efficiency, stratodesic dome, geodesic frame, traditional building, shapes of buildings

Acidification is a device intended for cleaning waste water, air and production of food products, and can be used in individual housing construction in rural areas, camp sites, lodges and resorts. Operating costs for the installation ASFR minimal, as acidification serviced 1 time a year, and thereactor – 1 time per month. Coming through the fan in photoreactor the air is absorbed by green plants of vegetable crops and freed from impurities without the cost of electricity, and needs only the harvest of vegetables. The process of acidification of the organic substances of the waste water is initiated by the biocenosis held Ershova nozzle of polyamide fibers fixed in the septic tank.

Keywords: acidification, wastewater treatment, zero waste, food

Nhe proposed method save energy, including the classification of cars according to the power consumption and algorithm of measures whose implementation at the industrial enterprises will reduce the energy consumption

Keywords: the method of the power saving algorithm of measures to reduce energy consumption

In this article, problems of safety of the exploited structures of the contact network are examined. The types of contact network supports used in the construction of these structures are considered. The features of the centrifuged concrete structure formation, the reasons for the heterogeneity of the structure along the thickness of the annular section and the appearance of cracks are analyzed. There is a physical model, the use of which will allow to modify the structure along the thickness of the annular section due to directed structure formation in the process of concrete with a combined aggregate and fibrous components centrifugal compaction.

Keywords: safety of structures, contact network supports, centrifuged structures, annular cross-section, physical model of the process of compaction of concrete mixture during centrifugation, concrete with combined aggregate and fibrous component

At present, more and more attention is being paid to the radiation safety of the population, in connection with this new devices are being modernized and modernized, to improve the state of protection of present and future generations of people from the harmful effects of ionizing radiation for their health. The article considers the key aspects in working with such equipment and suggests measures to reduce the risk of working with it, primarily for personnel, especially in emergency situations.

Keywords: Radiation, source, hot cell, radiation, safety, emergency situation, limitations, degree of radiation

In the present article examples of improvement of ecological indicators in the conditions of dense building of the city are reviewed, the principles of territorial planning are described. Detailed studying of environmental problems of the city, a way of their decision is carried out, the most optimum mechanism of a solution is revealed. This article gives the chance will get acquainted with result of numerous researches in the field of modernization of an ecological framework of the city, the most suitable and elementary actions in the realization increasing the area of city "green zones" in the conditions of dense pointed building are given. Having analysed the studied material, conclusions by the given examples are drawn.

Keywords: ecological equilibrium, the urbanized territory, gardening of the city, vertical gardening, mobile gardening

This article describes the definition of the approximating function of deflections of building structures using the method of least squares.

Keywords: the approximation function, the least squares method, the deflections of structures, prediction of deformations, the deformation of the structures

In the article the results of the analysis of the main factors affecting the wear mechanism of asphalt concrete pavements are given attention to the properties of the stone material and the binder. The questions of the influence of dust formed as a result of deterioration of coatings on the environment are considered.

Keywords: asphaltic concrete, road surface, environment, wear products, wear resistance, wear factors

Are represented the results of studies on the development of teploognezashchitnykh composition cement solution mixtures on the distended vermiculite and the pumice with the application of a multifunctional additive D -5. Are proposed the compositions of teploognezashchitnykh composition mortars, which make it possible to substantially improve the physicomechanical properties of solution mixtures and solution. The introduction of multifunctional additive D -5 to solution mixtures makes it possible to improve the properties of composition solution mixtures and to improve the characteristics of solution. The replacement of the fine dispersed fraction of the distended vermiculite d0,63 mm does not produce by pumice by the volume in the solution mixtures a noticeable increase in solution density, in this case their strength characteristics grow. The developed composition solution mixtures correspond to requirements ALL-UNION STATE STAN. 28013–98 and have low prime cost due to the use of the pumice

Keywords: portland cement, the distended vermiculite, pumice, additive D -5, teploognezashchitnyy composition solution, transverse strength and compression, the mobility of mixture, exfoliation property, the density

The assessment of the quality of the production of works on the construction of the upper layers of the road cover by the destructive and non-destructive method is considered, both methods are compared by searching for the main advantages and disadvantages. The order and the scheme of the production of each of the estimates are described.

Keywords: motor roads, quality assessment, road facilities, gamma density meters, electromagnetic (dielectric) densitometers, radioisotope densitometers, densitometer

Results of researches of a ceramic brick are presented. Durability of a brick makes: at compression – more than 10 N/mm2, at a bend – more than 3 N/mm2, water absorption of 10,3%. According to the obtained data the brick conforms to requirements of standards of the Russian Federation. The hypothesis of peeling of a front layer of a brick because of low frost resistance is offered. By results of a X-ray phase research minerals have been identified: quartz, white mica, hydrowhite mica, illit, calcite; existence in a ceramic brick of minerals sillimante and mullite as a result of the phase analysis isn't revealed. Results of the phase analysis are confirmed by data of the thermal analysis. The received results allow to approve about insufficient for formation of minerals sillimante and mullite to temperature of roasting of a ceramic brick. It has exerted impact on decrease in its durability in the conditions of sign-variable temperatures (low frost resistance).

Keywords: face brick, research, brickwork, peel, defect, strength, frost resistance, water absorption, test, mineral

The article deals with the characteristics of hydrophobic swollen perlite and methods of its research. The perspective of the use of expanded perlite in various industries is described. Possibilities of application of these materials in practical use are shown.

Keywords: composite materials, energy saving, modification of perlite, hydrophobic perlite, methods for improving properties

In this article we consider correspondence problem of the supporting parts containing deformable polymers used in the beam bridges (used in bridge constructing - лишнее, мне кажется). According to the shear diagram, supporting parts shall provide free angular and linear displacements of the beams' end faces sections. Otherwise gradual destruction of the nearby areas is possible. We study a rubber supporting part (RSP). Factors contributing to the deformation of the supporting part and their calculation with different algorithms, including the differential equation of the curved axis and Mohr method are given. The values of angular and linear deformations for the concrete reinforced bridge beam are calculated.

Keywords: bearing, adjustable bearing, deformation, bridges, bridge beam, shear strains, angular displacement, linear displacement, crumple.

The article presents a comparative analysis of modern methods of sewage sludge utilization in Russia and abroad. A comprehensive analysis of the possible use of sludge in the conditions of typical treatment facilities of the Rostov region, proposed engineering and environmental solutions for the secondary use of sludge sewage as a fertilizer on the example of the company "Istok" Kamensk-Shakhtinsky Rostov region.

Keywords: utilization of sewage sludge (OSV), environmental safety, deworming, economic efficiency

the paper presents characteristics of the solid waste landfill in the town of Novocherkassk, and the dynamics of pollutants’emissions from the landfill site for the period between 2015-2017 as well. The characteristic of the atmospheric air on the border with the nearby residential development and Novocherkassk landfill on the basis of the calculated air pollution index (API) and the complex index of atmospheric airpollution.

Keywords: landfill site, the contaminants, the maximum surface concentration, maximum permissible concentration, air quality

The article is devoted to the topic of interdisciplinary balance in the solution of problems of the urban transport systems development. On the example of the concept of the transport system in Yekaterinburg development, the authors suggest ways of introducing interdisciplinary research: the author's multi-criteria system for assessing the transport system is proposed. The introductory part of the article is devoted to the formulation of the main goals and tasks of the development of transport systems in the Russian city. When considering the transport system in Yekaterinburg, it is proposed to use the zoning of the city's territory to formulate strategies for its development, taking into account local conditions. Also, the authors propose to take into account at the project level various international trends in the development of transport systems.

Keywords: transport systems, master plan, urban planning, interdisciplinary research

Nowadays the manufacturers offer a variety of mobile road laboratories, which are equipped with systems for measuring the automobile roads' properties and further assessments of their exploitation conditions. The absence of one or several of these systems in the lab equipment leads to the price reduction for consumers; however, it also lowers the effectiveness of the diagnostic process. This article suggests that preliminary research of the effectiveness of the automobile road diagnostic process be conducted using mobile road laboratories in various implementations by the means of an imitation model design. The main indicators of the effectiveness will be time spent on the road section diagnostics as it constitutes the labour costs, the necessary amount of fuel, and the overall funding. This diagnostic process model is implemented using a computer programme. It calculates and assesses the road conditions that may affect the laboratory's speed, number and duration of stops necessary for manual measuring which depends on the proper equipment. The designed model allows to analyze the duration of time spent on road diagnostics. The results allow for advance assessment of the financial expenses, including the cost of labour, together with diagnostic planning of the automobile roads of a given region and its specifics.

Keywords: automobile road diagnostics, model design, road conditions, effectiveness research

This article analyzes the existing technical means designed to monitor automobile roads and transportation infrastructure, including their main disadvantages. It demonstrates the research results of the potential capabilities of the existing technical means for creating a multifunctional mobile road laboratory, implementation of which would allow to solve a wider range of tasks. These tasks amount to measuring in unfavourable conditions, including the roads without hard surface, searching for automobile roads, conducting water barrier research, and identifying the nature of large damage to the automobile roads and transportation infrastructure. The multifunctional laboratory's equipment is based on the existing technical means, which are resistant to the negative environmental factors. Moreover, some systems are subject to amelioration and additional design, particularly the transverse surface evenness measuring system. Besides the traditional technical systems, which equip the existing mobile road laboratories, the usage of aerial drones is also suggested.

Keywords: automobile road monitoring, transportation infrastructure, road laboratory, aerial drone

The work reflects estimates of measurements of the fractional composition and the concentration of wood dust at points located at different distances from the woodworking shop. In addition, the shape and adhesiveness of wood dust and its dusting ability are examined.

Keywords: Wood dust, concentration of wood dust, fractional composition, sanitary protection zone, mass distribution by diameters, slipability

The article deals with the issues of impact interaction of particles with layers of dispersed material of different thickness. The influence of the interaction velocity and the thickness of the substrate on the appearance and structure of the collision result is investigated. It is established that at low speeds there is a crater formation while the particle is on the substrate surface. With the growth of the interaction rate, the formation of a crown is observed, and particles penetrate into the substrate material. Experimentally determined the values of the velocity and thickness of the substrate, corresponding to the beginning of the formation of the crown.

Keywords: particle, blow, flow, splash, reflection, speed, stream, the bulk material flow, the recovery factor of speed, the substrate

The processes of formation of mineral foams with respect to the technology of cellular heat-resistant materials have been studied. The reasons for the degradation of the quality of the foam when it is filled with aluminate cement particles have been established, and methods have been proposed that prevent the rapid destruction of three-phase foams

Keywords: Three-phase foams, stability, control actions, structure-forming processes, cellular construction materials, heat-resistant concrete

The description of modern technologies for the protection, repair, reconstruction of chimney and ventilation ducts method of mounting a thermoplastic polymer tube Furanflex. A detailed description and analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of this technology. The technique of eliminating the problem of chimney destruction due to the impact of condensate is presented. A brief review of the existing alternative methods of protection and repair of chimneys. The advantages and disadvantages of these alternatives methods are briefly described. Data and conclusions of the presented work may be interesting for the widest circle of readers, builders, architects, owners of cottages . The article may be of interest to those who are just planning to start building their own homes, as well as managing utility companies on the balance of which is the old houses

Keywords: chimney, ventilation duct, corrosion, repair, restoration of the chimney, condensate,protection of the chimney, lining, furanflex, thermoplastic liner

The article is devoted to topical problems of modern construction - creating a comfortable environment for people in the premises and in the areas of construction by studying and researching the heat-wind processes in the city canyon. Particular attention should be paid to the role of insolation in the formation of the heat-wind regime of the canyon space, which is the determining factor of the thermal regime of the buildings and the building area.

Keywords: urban canyon, insolation, buildings, solar radiation, heat balance, radiation balance

Modern urban development policy pays special attention to the application of new and well-known technologies in the development of underground spaces of historically developed urban areas. Rational use of urban areas occurs up and down, without expanding the boundaries of urban areas. Technology "slurry wall" in the development of underground space continues to rapidly gain popularity. The use of this method allows to solve the problem of construction in cramped conditions and is one of the most popular in modern urban development practice

Keywords: rational use of urban underground space, advanced construction technologies in cramped conditions